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Villars 2004

Villars 2004. Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting September 22-28 2004 John Dainton University of Liverpool, GB (on behalf of the SPSC). Villars 2004. Framework Machines and Beams Heavy Ions Neutrinos Soft and Hard Protons Antiproton Physics Flavour Physics Other Topics Summary.

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Villars 2004

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  1. Villars 2004 Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting September 22-28 2004 John Dainton University of Liverpool, GB (on behalf of the SPSC)

  2. Villars 2004 • Framework • Machines and Beams • Heavy Ions • Neutrinos • Soft and Hard Protons • Antiproton Physics • Flavour Physics • Other Topics • Summary Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting September 22-28 2004 John Dainton University of Liverpool, GB (on behalf of the SPSC) Note 8/10/04: Overheads are here exactly as presented apart from a small number of bugs which have been fixed, and apart from the inclusion of some overheads skipped in the seminar because of time pressure.

  3. 1. Framework

  4. Charge “to review present and future activities and opportunities in fixed-target physics, and to consider possibilities and options for a future fixed target programme at CERN” globally important realistic (beams + resources) short, intermediate, and long term from the SPC SPSC not in approval/rejection mode !

  5. Timetable  “… groups working on fixed target experiments at CERN, and also groups which have in mind the submission of proposals for such experiments, to forward to the SPSC secretariat in due time a short report indicating their ideas and plans for the future” SPSC67 April 2004 11 submissions received + COMPASS DIRAC kπ atoms CNGS } committed beyond 2005

  6. Submissions of Interest

  7. Timetable contd May 25-26:CERN SPL Workshop (also @ Villars) June 5-8: High Intensity Workshop (INFN) HIF04 (also @ Villars) SPSC68 July 6 2004 programme finalised (speakers fixed) September 22 to 28: Villars October: Seminar @ CERN December:report to RB + SPC

  8. Organisation

  9. Programme [1] including presentations by convenors of conclusions concerning physics directions

  10. Format Topic structure 1 keynote speaker(s) for status and outlook including and “beyond”CERN 2 includes CERN experiment and CERN proto-experiment representatives and, if essential, also summariser(s) from other labs 3 focussing on future strategy 4 first draft of conclusions concerning physics directions

  11. Documentation Overheads Submitted documents WG Convenor summaries Summary speaker’s conclusions SPSC conclusions in Chair’s seminar overheads Summary of conclusions and recommendations written SPSC members (= convenors + chair)

  12. 2. Machines and Beams Aymar, Benedikt, Cervelli, Elsener, Engelen, Garoby, Gatignon, Palladino

  13. Users’ View of Future:pre Villars04 Garoby ●as heard by HIP from users ** 1350 pulses/h – 3.2´1013 ppp * Reference value for analysis

  14. ●beam loss irradiation @ high intensity multi-turn ejection from PS (“island extractn”) ●period 0.6 s  0.9 s ? > cost > worse PSB flexibility better ●intensity/SPS pulse  increase CNGS flux - machine impedance (kickers, RF…) ? - injection energy ? - bunching in the PS ? Upgrades Benedikt Garoby only

  15. Without upgrades* Benedikt Garoby * with important irradn of PS equipt ** ultimate beam in LHC

  16. With upgrades Benedikt Garoby ●(i) PSB repetition period of 0.9 s (ii) 7x1013 ppp in SPS (iii) Linac4 injecting into PSB

  17. Fixed target  CNGS Benedikt Garoby ●FT + CNGS share SPS cycles CNGS request 4.5 1019 pot/year FT request 7.2 105 spills/year Without changes Double batch + Linac4 J J Double batch ●impossible to meet FT + CNGS demands

  18. Fixed target  CNGS Benedikt Garoby ●FT + CNGS share SPS cycles FT + CNGS LHC + CNGS ●impossible to get closer to FT + CNGS demands ?

  19. Scope of Future Options Benedikt Garoby synergy

  20. ● start 2004/5: - PS: multi-turn ejection - increase SPS intensity (impacts all machines) - 0.9s PSB repetition ● Linac 4 design  construction decision @ end 2006 ● prepare decision on optimum future accelerator - study of a Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL) - alternative scenarios for the LHC upgrade context for SPSC strategy and input Strategy (and action) Benedikt Garoby

  21. CERN 2004 Gatignon

  22. North 2004 Gatignon COMPASS

  23. East 2004 Gatignon

  24. It should be noted that ion injection via LEIR for fixed targethas not yet been studied in depth. More studies are required at the source, Linac3, LEIR, PS and at the SPS. North: Heavy Ions >2005 Gatignon After the long shut-down ions will be injected into the SPS via LEIR. The LEIR project has been launched for filling the LHC with ions. Filling the SPS instead will require more resources. If the ions are required for the SPS fixed target program and if the required resources are made available, one might expect to get: • Lead ions from 2009 (after PS-SPS-LHC ions running-in) • Other (lighter) ions depending on LHC ion physics program. It should be noted that many relevant non-radioactive ion species are possible ‘in principle’, but with significant preparation time and effort. Note that North Area and LHC ions are exclusive if not the same ion Possible intensities are up to 109 Pb54+ from LEIR per transfer (3.6 sec). They can be limited in LEIR with an interlock based on a BCT measurement. Limitation of flux in EHN1 requires new TAX blocks (up to 300 kCHF/beam).

  25. North: µ & Hadrons Gatignon ● M2 for COMPASS (approved) -µ ≤ 190 GeV/c -2dary hadrons ≤ 280 GeV/c -e ~ 40 GeV/c ●M2 for COMPASS (future?) -primary p -hyperons ●M2 intensity ?  rebuild  CHF radlim CHF

  26. North: Kaons > 2005 Gatignon ● to separate or not to separate ? -acceptance: unseparated ~ 100 x separated -tag @ 109 Hz + K+ : 6.2% p+: 71.1% p : 22.7% - K- : 6.8% p-: 90.8% p :2.4% > x 40 K+ /year

  27. CERN  LNGS = CNGS Elsener

  28. CERN  LNGS = CNGS Elsener ●beam in 2006

  29. CNGS: making ν Elsener ●largest intensity ●Eνfor νe  ντ 700 m 100 m 1000m 67 m p + C (interactions) p+, K+ (decay in flight) m+ + nm

  30. CNGS Horizon ● nominal (1999) -2.4x1013p /extraction -4.8x1013p /cycle -4.5x1019p /year eg 200 days 55% efficiency LHC MD LHC fill FT ● 2nd look (2001) -3.5x1013p /extraction -7x1013p /cycle -13.8x1019p /year target rods ? windows ? heating: target, horn ? shielding ? ? X3 ? NB decommissioning cost >> construction cost ●R&D underway

  31. AD Gatignon

  32. AD >2005 Gatignon ● modified extraction ● degrader foils  RFQD for ATRAP + ATHENA ●decelerator ring ELENA 5.3 MeV  KEp  100 KeV ? - ● injection stacking  intensity x 2 to 5 ●PS beam 4  5 bunches  intensity x 1.25

  33. ● North Area @ SPS  diverse beams ● East Hall @ PS  DIRAC + … ? ● CNGS ≥ 2006; improving intensity ? ● ions ≥ ~ 2009 ● CHF ? modernisation ● CHF ? new possibilities/opportunities (test beams !) context for SPSC strategy and input Summary: FT beams unparalleled variety

  34. 3. Heavy Ions Gadzicki, Haungs, Lourenco, Riunaud, Satz

  35. e+e- photons chemistry J/ψ HBT spectra TheSP[b]S Panorama SPbS Panorama ●expt @ SPbS + theory  QGP B. Mueller

  36. Early universe RHIC, LHC Critical endpoint T QGP Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) SPS Meson Dominated HG Chiral symmetry restored Hadronic matter Baryon Dominated HG Color superconductor Chiral symmetry broken B Nuclei Neutron stars ChromodynamicPhase Equilibria ●SPS @ phase transition

  37. Critical Point ●theoretical guidance model dependent Stephanov

  38. 7 In targets target boxwindows Beam tracker station z-vertex (cm) Indium beam 158 A GeV Heavy Ions + NA60 Pixels NA60 - Lourenco interaction z-vtx from rad hard pixel telescope ~ 200 µm accuracy dimuon vertex hadronic vertex (mass > 2 GeV) vertex transverse coords determinedwith pixel telescope + beam tracker to better than 20 mm accuracy

  39. Low mass dileptons ●excess dileptons – thermal radiation ? σ 400 GeV NA60 CERES/NA45 Mee Mµµ

  40. SPSC ●immediate (SPSC) - NA60 p+In data  open charm, ρ mass, thermal radn Pb+Pb  highest energy density @ SPS - NA49 jet quenching @ RHIC high pT quenching @ SPS? complete Pb+Pb high pT hadron analysis then pA reference then high pT Cronin effect data taking now declared interest declared interest

  41. SPSC ●longer term (SPSC) - chase and evaluate the critical point @ CERN establish optimal theoretical signatures optimise experiments for signal and sensitivity - unique @ CERN, timely even ≥ 2009, important - ≥2009 CERN FT + LHC HI synergy no overwhelming scientific need for ion+ion FT < 2009

  42. 4. Neutrinos Blondel, Declais, Dydak, Gilardoni, Haseroth, Lindroos, Mezzeto, Mosca Nishikawa, Panman, Romanino, Rubbia

  43. SuperK Early Solar Neutrino Exps. Super-K L/E SNO Soudan II New KamLAND KamLAND MACRO 71±5 71±5 LSND K2K ν-oscillations Wark

  44. uniquely defines the labelling Eigenstates Romanino can have both signs: by definition, Normal Normal e.g.: (hierarchical) (degenerate) (neither) e.g.: (inverse hierarchical) (degenerate) 3 2 normal 1 inverted 2 1 3

  45. ~sin2q23 Hierarchy Wark ●remarkable progress Solar + KamLAND Super-K

  46. ● CNGS: OPERA ICARUS ●better than hitherto (better than CKM?): MINOS, KamLAND, Borexino? T2K νe appearance nearer, near, and far detectors β–beam? CERNFrejus? ●θ13pre-requisite for δ ● sign of Δm232 (or Δm132): crucial for Ών ● CP-violating phase δ Next ?

  47. Next ? Mezzetto

  48. Plastic base 1 mm t n Pb Emulsion layers OPERA ●ready end 2006 ~2 kTon (Pb) 0.04 kTon emulsion 56 emulsion films / brick • for the full detector: • 2 supermodules • 31 walls / supermodule • 52 x 64 bricks /wall • 200 000 bricks 9 kt-yr • Δm2=1.2x10-3 eV2 2.7 events • Δm2=2.4x10-3 eV2 11 events • Δm2=5.4x10-3 eV2 54 events

  49. ICARUS ●3 kt in LNGS 2005 ? LAr drift n 3m muon spectrometer ≈2 kton Fe B=1.8 T

  50. 2 Drift Coord. (m) Wire coord. (m) 2 4 Full 2D view from the Collection Wire Plane 6 12 18 Zoom View 3.9 m 1.3 m T600 test: Run 308 - Evt 7 ICARUS ●”ultimate” vertex resolution: T600 ready … LNGS

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