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Theoretical Perspectives

Theoretical Perspectives. Family Ecology Symbolic Interaction Social Exchange Family Development. Paradigm Way of looking at the world Our basic assumptions Theory Approach. Family Ecology Theory.

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Theoretical Perspectives

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  1. Theoretical Perspectives Family Ecology Symbolic Interaction Social Exchange Family Development

  2. Paradigm • Way of looking at the world • Our basic assumptions • Theory • Approach

  3. Family Ecology Theory • Focuses on how families are influenced by the environment and how they in turn influence the wider environment. macrosystem mesosystem exosystem micro

  4. Family Ecology Theory • Microsystems • The most immediate influences with whom we have contact • Could include parents, siblings, friends, neighbors, etc. micro

  5. Family Ecology Theory • Mesosystems • The interconnection between microsystems • Example: the impact of family and school on each other • Example: the impact of siblings and peers on each other mesosystem

  6. Family Ecology Theory • Exosystems • Locations or situations that the individual is not involved in, yet directly impact his/her life • Examples: parental work experience; decisions by the Board of Trustees exosystem

  7. Family Ecology Theory • Macrosystems • Things in the broader society that influence individuals • Laws, customs, beliefs, attitudes macrosystems

  8. Symbolic Interaction Theory • Focuses on how people interact with one another • Family as “unity of interacting personalities.”

  9. Unity of Interacting Personalities • Symbols • shared meaning • Definition of situation (shared reality) • Significant Others • Family Roles • Relational (father, brother, aunt) • Reciprocal (mother cares for, child obeys) • Family Myths

  10. Social Exchange Theory • Cost/Benefit Analysis • Reward – Cost = Outcome

  11. Costs Benefits • Time • Opportunities • Loneliness • Lack of understanding • Love • Companionship • Power • Status Social Exchange Theory

  12. Equity • Fairness in exchange • Discomfort when exchange not fair

  13. What if there is not equity? • Attempt to restore equity • Convince one’s self that the relationship is indeed equitable • End relationship

  14. Exchange and Marital Outcomes • Attractiveness of relationship • Attractiveness of alternatives • Barriers to divorce

  15. Family Development Theory • Exclusively directed toward families • Patterned changes occur within famlies • Family Life Cycle

  16. Family Life Cycle • beginning family • childbearing family • family with preschool children • family with schoolchildren

  17. Family Life Cycle • family with adolescents • family as launching center • family in middle years • aging family.

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