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Why did the Nazis became more popular in the 1920s?

Why did the Nazis became more popular in the 1920s?. Reasons for popularity of Nazis. Clear policies – 25 Point Programme / Mein Kampf Party discipline – Hitler reorganised party into gau, Presence of SA at meetings. Reasons for popularity of Nazis.

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Why did the Nazis became more popular in the 1920s?

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  1. Why did the Nazis became more popular in the 1920s?

  2. Reasons for popularity of Nazis • Clear policies – 25 Point Programme / Mein Kampf • Party discipline – Hitler reorganised party into gau, Presence of SA at meetings

  3. Reasons for popularity of Nazis • Hitler’s leadership skills – effective public speaker, tuned into popular feeling, played on hatred of Treaty of Versailles (said he would tear it up) also promised economic prosperity, rebuilding of military strength and new international standing for Germany

  4. Reasons for popularity of Nazis • Trial after Munich Putsch – Hitler given public platformEven the judges approved of what he said. • Change from violence to legal methods of – broadened appeal to middle-classes

  5. Why did the Nazis became more popular 1929-1932?

  6. The Wall Street Crash • 1929, US stock market crashed • US economy plunged into depression.US loans were recalled pulling the supporting pillars out from under the German economy A journalist once said: “When America sneezes the whole world catches a cold”

  7. What was the impact of the Depression on Germany? • 1928-1932, unemployment increased from 2.5 to 6 million • Disillusionment with Weimar Republic - people still remember the hyperinflation of 1923. • Growth of extremism – Communists increased their seats in the Reichstag from 54-77 • Nazis increased their seats in the Reichstag from 12 to 107- became the 2nd largest party

  8. How did the Depression help Hitler? • Chaos & confusion (exploited by SA) • Support from professionals & industrialists increased • Nazi campaigns & propaganda cleverly exploited popular feeling This Nazi poster entitled, ‘Hitler our last hope’ was extremely effective.

  9. This poster is from the September 1930 Reichstag election. In it a Nazi sword kills a snake, the blade passing through a red Star of David. The red words coming from the snake are: usury, Versailles, unemployment, war guilt lie, Marxism, Bolshevism, lies and betrayal, inflation, Locarno, Dawes Pact, Young Plan, corruption, prostitution, terror, civil war.

  10. Hitler wanted to take advantage of the increasing popularity of the Nazis • He wanted to take the next step towards real political power.

  11. Hitler decided to stand as president in 1932. He expected to be successful because: • Hindenburg was old and out of touch • Hindenburg was associated with ‘November Criminals’ of Treaty of Versailles • Hitler’s policies were persuasive and attractive– e.g. an end to unemployment, anti-Semitism What do you think this photo suggests about Hitler’s relationship with Hindenburg?

  12. March 1932 Hitler challenged Hindenburg for the presidency • He lost by 19.4 million votes to 13.4 million • But he raised his profile (i.e. increased publicity) Hindenburg – the winner!

  13. A huge tangled web of political infighting and backstabbing finally resulted in Hitler becoming Chancellor of Germany.

  14. How did political developments help Hitler? • May 1932, Chancellor Bruning resigned due to rising unemployment Chancellor Bruning – not a happy man!

  15. In May 1932 Von Papen became Chancellor Von Papen – aristocratic & respected

  16. Political developments • In July 1932 Von Papen called a general election to win more seats for the Centre Party • The Nazis won 230 seats

  17. In November 1932, Von Papen held new elections but failed again to win more seats for Centre Party • Hindenburg replaced von Papen. General von Schleicher became Chancellor • The Nazis won 196 seats Von Schleicher – the military man!

  18. In December 1932, Von Schleicher resigned when Hindenburg refused to continue to govern using Article 48

  19. In January 1933, Hitler persuaded Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor • (Look at the Temporary triangle cartoon on the studysite) • http://study.abingdon.org.uk/history/4th_1933_punch.html • Von Papen was appointed Vice Chancellor

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