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Epigenetics and Cancer. Jillian Froelick , Grace Lempp , Nikhil Umesh , Paige Tummons. There are 3 main epigenetic mechanisms. They are… DNA Methylation Histone Acetylation And non-coding RNA. In the methylation of a Tumor-Suppressor gene…. 1.
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Epigenetics and Cancer Jillian Froelick, Grace Lempp, Nikhil Umesh, Paige Tummons
There are 3 main epigenetic mechanisms. They are…DNA MethylationHistone AcetylationAnd non-coding RNA
1. • A methyl group attaches directly to the gene.
2. • The tumor-suppressor gene can’t be transcribed because the transcription complex can’t bind.
3. • With the tumor-suppressor gene inactivated, cell division isn’t regulated.
4. • Cancer cells are able to multiply.
When DNA histones of a tumor-suppressor gene are deacetylated…
1. • An acetyl group is removed from the lysine of a histone tail.
2. • Chromatin, which was previously loose, is now tightly compacted.
3. • The tumor-suppressor gene cannot be transcribed.
4. • Cancer cells are able to multiply.
1. • It downregulatesmethyltransferases, preventing the methylation of tumor-suppressor genes.
2. • A decrease in microRNA allows methyltransferase to methylate DNA.
3. • Methylation of a tumor-suppressor gene allows for uncontrolled cell growth.
4. • Cancer cells are able to multiply.
1. • Utilizes DNA methylation inhibitors to reverse DNA methylation in tumor-suppressor genes.
2. • Uses histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors to prevent the deacetylation of histones bound to tumor suppressor genes.
