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Epigenetics

Epigenetics. Heritable changes in gene expression that are not accompanied by changes in DNA sequence. Stable, potentially transmissible state of chromatin organization, arising from reversible covalent modification of DNA and/or histones, and influencing cellular phenotype: DNA methylation

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Epigenetics

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  1. Epigenetics • Heritable changes in gene expression that are not accompanied by changes in DNA sequence. • Stable, potentially transmissible state of chromatin organization, arising from reversible covalent modification of DNA and/or histones, and influencing cellular phenotype: • DNA methylation • histone methylation • histone acetylation

  2. Epigenetics Explosion in interest in the scientific community (Cell, February 23, 2007; Nature, May 24, 2007). Topic of a new NIH Roadmap initiative. Involves covalent and non-covalent modifications of DNA and histone proteins that influence chromatin structure and gene expression patterns. Focus has been on histone deacetylases (HDACs), histone acetyl transferases, and methyl transferases. MicroRNAs and non-coding SNPs may affect some conditions. New technologies have launched mapping of the epigenome.

  3. Epigenetics session: major topics • Epigenetics and Lupus: Bruce Richardson (U. of Michigan) • Epigenetics and Bone Biology: Jennifer Westendorf (Mayo Clinic) • Technologies driving the field • New NIH Roadmap 1.5 initiative

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