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Lab 6: Senses, Suckers, and Catfish

Lab 6: Senses, Suckers, and Catfish. channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ) . golden redhorse ( Moxostoma erythrurum ) . Four main sensory systems in fish. Chemoreception – olfaction and taste Acoustico-lateralis – hearing and lat. line Electroreception Photoreception/vision.

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Lab 6: Senses, Suckers, and Catfish

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  1. Lab 6:Senses, Suckers, and Catfish channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum)

  2. Four main sensory systems in fish • Chemoreception – olfaction and taste • Acoustico-lateralis – hearing and lat. line • Electroreception • Photoreception/vision

  3. Chemoreception -- olfaction • Olfaction “smell” • Nares • Used for food detection, orientation, predator avoidance Nare function of american eel (Anguilla anguilla)

  4. Nares of different fishes • The # of lamellae (folds) usually correlate with the ability to smell • Range from 0 (seahorses) to 230 (porgy).

  5. Chemoreception Examples • Salmonid homing – adults use nares to detect chemical signature of native stream • Cyprinids, Catostomids use papillae on their lips • Ictalurids use barbels, note the orientation of the barbels • How do you test these senses….plug or block them!

  6. Auditory Systems-- Acoustico-lateralis • Inner ear and otoliths • Swim bladder and Weberian apparatus • Lateral Line

  7. Inner Ear -- Otolith • Otolith (hard earstone) – held in a fluid sac, saculus, 3x density • Hairs inside the sac detect otoliths movement, fish moves otolith stays in place cause it is more dense • Also balances the fish in three planes

  8. Swimbladder and Weberian Apparatus • Bony connection between swimbladder and inner ear, • Dense waterless dense air causes swim bladder to vibrate, the Weberian apparatus transmit vibrations to the inner ear.

  9. Lateral line – “distant touch” Neuromast Hair cells

  10. Electroreception • Widespread among fishes….except teleosts • Freshwater examples: gymnotid, electric catfishes, African electricfishes…the mormyridae, really cool! • Useful in finding food, especially in turbid environments

  11. Vision • Most can see color, but more rods then cones • Rods are much more precise, therefore used to detect movement • Tapetum lucidum, which amplifies the incoming light, layer of guanine crystals which glow at night.

  12. Eye orientation determines what a fish can see….evolutionary consequences

  13. Eyes of Wisconsin fishes

  14. Fish Identification Catostomidae and Ictaluridae

  15. Family Catostomidae -- suckers • Small family only 68 species but successful • In North America often most abundant • Primarily bottom dwellars • Subterminal mouths, fleshy • Fins in primitive position • Two main forms  Lotic and lentic….? White sucker (Catastomus commersoni)

  16. First, what does lotic or lentic mean…? Lotic – running water  streams, rivers Lentic – standing water  lakes, ponds How do you remember the difference….?Lotic = Flowing

  17. Lotic and lentic catostomids LOTIC

  18. Lotic and lentic catostomids carpsucker carpsucker LENTIC smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus)

  19. Lotic and lentic catostomids Quillback Carpiodes cyprinus In Betweens White sucker Catostomus commersoni

  20. Genus Catostomus White sucker (Catostomus commersoni) • Lips are very papillose (bumpy)

  21. Genus Moxostoma Shorthead redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum) Golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum ) • Large scales, larger then Catostomus • Lower lip formed differently between two species Golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum) Shorthead redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum)

  22. Genus Hypentelium Northern hog sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) • Have indented head • 3 saddle patches on back

  23. Genus Carpiodes Quillback (Carpiodes cyprinus) • Have extended ray on dorsal fin • Subtriangular subopercle

  24. Genus Ictiobus nevermind Smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus) • Looks like a carp with no barbels or spines • Semicircular Subopercle

  25. Family Ictaluridae -- Catfishes Whiskery snout, 1-4 pair of barbels, 1 from maxillae Small eyes Flattened head Adipose fin With or without sclaes, some with bony plates Stout spine from pectoral and dorsal fins

  26. Catfishes - Armour

  27. Genus Ameiurus -- bullheads Black, yellow, and brown bullheads • Look at CHIN barbels first, yellow bullhead are lighter then black or brown • Black bullhead all one color, brown are mottled black bullhead (Ameiurus melas) brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis)

  28. Connected – no notch Genus Noturus -- madtoms Stonecat Noturus flavus Tadpole madtom Noturus gyrinus • Look at adipose fin and caudal fin, distinct adipose are bullheads, connected or almost connected are madtoms Tadpole madtom (Noturus gyrinus) Stonecat (Noturus flavus)

  29. Genus Ictalurus Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus • Deeply forked tail Channel catfish Bullhead

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