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Thursday 3/6 Journal

Thursday 3/6 Journal. Have you ever been without electricity? How did you spend your time? How would you feel if you were forced to live in a cave for several months while an enemy army shelled your city?. “ Turning Point: Siege of Vicksburg” “A New Birth of Freedom”. U.S. History

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Thursday 3/6 Journal

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  1. Thursday 3/6 Journal • Have you ever been without electricity? • How did you spend your time? • How would you feel if you were forced to live in a cave for several months while an enemy army shelled your city?

  2. “Turning Point: Siege of Vicksburg” “A New Birth of Freedom” U.S. History Chapter 12, sections 3 and 4

  3. Gettysburg: Pickett’s Charge -July 3, 1863 at Gettysburg -Offensive attack by Southern forces -Lee ordered attack on Union center line -Old and new warfare clash -Led by General George Pickett -Confederates charge up hill toward Union forces -Most die or are captured -Confederates suffer 28,000 casualties -July 4, 1863 leave battlefield and head south

  4. Vicksburg, Mississippi -Controlled by Confederate forces -City built on high bluffs above the Mississippi River -Seemed safe from attack -Fortified along the river banks by Confederate forces -Quick and close contact to capital of Jackson -Valued as a military prize by both sides -Total warfare -People in city near total starvation

  5. Terms/People to know: • William Tecumseh Sherman (U) • George G. Meade (U) • Total war • Philip Sheridan (U) • John Wilkes Booth • Appomattox Courthouse

  6. Why did Grant and Sherman resort to total warfare against the South? Because it was the quickest way to bring the war to an end. Not only did they burn utilities but they burned everything they saw. Churches, stores, homes, saloons, and even people.

  7. Continued…………………… Grant ended the system of prisoner-exchange, knowing that the Confederates would run out of manpower, and meanwhile told Sheridan and Sherman to attack the Southern economy The idea was to break the will of the Southern forces

  8. Explain the events of the election of 1864. • Nation weary of war • Copperheads wanted peace • Mood changes after burning of Atlanta • Defeated George McClellan • Voters show approval of Lincoln’s policies

  9. Why and when was the 13th Amendment passed? Ratified? • Feb. 1865 passed by Congress • Ratified by the states • Became law Dec. 6, 1865 • Ended slavery in the United States -forever

  10. How did Lincoln describe the Civil War in the Gettysburg Address? • a test of a nation dedicated to freedom and equality • Re-defined America • Freedom both black or white THEREFORE: “these dead shall not have died in vain……and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

  11. What happened atAtlanta? • Sherman captured September 1864 • Burned the city • Decided to march toward Savannah and on to the sea • Took food as he marched east

  12. What happened atSavannah? • Sherman cut 60 mile wide path from Atlanta to Savannah • Burned everything • Wanted people of Georgia to “be sick of war”

  13. What happened atPetersburg? • Grant marched toward Richmond • Lee’s army smaller, but holds off Grant • Grant can’t reach Richmond, moves south to Petersburg (railroad center) June 1864 • Lee follows siege lasts many months

  14. What were the two main movements of Union forces that brought the war to an end? (p 351 map)

  15. Why did Robert E. Lee surrender? • Lee’s men exhausted • Troops boxed in • Had no place to go • Asked for surrender terms • Sunday, April 9, 1865Appomattox Court House • Lee and Grant meet, agree to surrender

  16. Briefly summarize the events of Lincoln’s assassination. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUdDLXcbANQ

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