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the role of brain development in the behavior of young offenders, ages 10-27

the role of brain development in the behavior of young offenders, ages 10-27. MICHAEL NERNEY and ASSOCIATES P.O. Box 93 Long Lake, NY 12847-0093 (518) 624-5351 mcnerneyLL@frontiernet.net. New research on the adolescent brain. Discoveries from Neuroimaging fMRI Diffusion Spectrum Imaging.

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the role of brain development in the behavior of young offenders, ages 10-27

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  1. the role of brain development in the behavior of young offenders,ages 10-27 MICHAEL NERNEY and ASSOCIATES P.O. Box 93 Long Lake, NY 12847-0093 (518) 624-5351 mcnerneyLL@frontiernet.net

  2. New research on theadolescent brain • Discoveries from Neuroimaging • fMRI • Diffusion Spectrum Imaging

  3. New Research • MEG Magnetoencephalography • SQUID Magnetometry

  4. Developmental changes • Chemical Trigger for Puberty • Kisspeptin • Signal to Endocrine System • Production of New Hormones

  5. Adolescent hormones • Pituitary Growth Hormone (PGH) • Physical Growth • Skeletal • Muscular • Head and Face

  6. Adolescent hormones, Cont. • Testosterone • Primary and Secondary Sex Characteristics • Estrogen • Primary and Secondary Sex Characteristics • Self Esteem drop • How do we change this?

  7. what goes on in their minds? • 200 Billion Cells • Grey Matter • White Matter • Choice Point • Multiple Factors

  8. What goes on in their minds • Testosterone in Males • Estrogen in Females • Influence size and activity levels of Amygdala • Emotional Intensity • 2 to 4 Times intensity • More Frequent Change

  9. Self-image • Emotional Intensity • Mirror, Mirror AA sites • Looking Good • Male/Female Brain Differences • Emotional Safety

  10. Male/Female Brain Differences • Depression • Serotonin Synthesis • Male/Female Symptoms

  11. emotions • Legitimate/Normal • Frustration • Helplessness • Insecurity/Fear • Anger/Rage • Depression • Anxiety • Do not deny • Do not minimize

  12. perceptions • Spotlighting • Everyone is watching • Who else can stand up? • Emotions intensify • Keep negatives short and sweet • Pre warning

  13. Group response • Peer response • Public praise/Private remediation • Empathetic response • Overt vs. Covert message

  14. Teens and Conflict • Migration and Activation • Cell Migration • L1 • Benchmarks • “I Know!” • Open Conflict • Don’t Take It Personally

  15. Problem solving • Problem Solving • No Load • Social/Emotional Crisis • New compound • Wait for better outcome

  16. Risk factors for drug and alcohol abuse • Emotional Stressors • Social Bonding • Negative Emotions • Boredom • Money

  17. Risk factors, cont. • Males • Older male siblings • Females • Early puberty

  18. CONCERNS • Brain Changes Related to Substance Abuse • Reward System Shutdown • Systemic Chemical Change • CREB/DYNORPHIN • Embedded Emotional Memory • New Protein Activity • Delta Fos B/PKMzeta

  19. Alcohol: impact onadolescent brain • Duke University study • NMDA pathways • Adult brain • Calming effect • Adolescent brain • Biphasic – excitatory effect • It’s a party!

  20. Alcohol: impact onadolescent brain, cont. • NMDA pathways • 48 hours – calcium overrun • Cell death • One year of binge drinking • 10% loss of PFC volume • Logic, reason, executive function • 10% loss of Hippocampus

  21. Caffeine and alcohol mix, cont. • Impact on Brain • Two systems activated • Stimulatory – caffeine • Biphasic – alcohol • Harvard University study • “Wide Awake Drunk”

  22. Marijuana • Synthetic Marijuana • Loaded Blunts • Klickums • H-Bomb • Coco Puffs • M&M • Fry Sticks

  23. Social bonding • New social structure • Trouble, Worthless, Outcast • Clean and sober • Non-criminal

  24. Social Bonding • Opportunities • BFFs, Teammates • Crew • Romantic Relationships

  25. Social bonding • Expanded social network • Multiple age groups • Community service as reward

  26. Risk taking • Risk Taking • New Sites of Activity • Influence of Peers • Male/Female • How can we fill need?

  27. Self-Perception • Changes Over Time • New Skills and Experiences • Desire to be seen as whole • Not gang only • Not miscreant • Not a resident of Juvy

  28. Talk the talk • Eye contact - keep it brief • Side by side • Metaphors help • First person stories • Avoid diminutives and the royal “we”

  29. Communications • Access to help • Can we text? • Probation, Coordinator, Social Workers, Teachers • Fix my cave • Bright colors, low lights

  30. communications • Non verbals • Body posture • Watch your face • Pronouns • Universal • Individual

  31. LIFE CHANGES • Limited Practice Skills • Medicate for Feelings • No Life Skills • Social/Emotional • Relationship • Adult Brain • Less Fire Power • Harder Work

  32. Life changes, cont. • Dominant Response • Mis-learning • Persistence POND MOUNTAIN CAMPFIRE CHAIR CONVERTIBLE GREEN BEANS HOUSE KITCHEN

  33. Life changes, cont. • Dominant Response • Mis-learning • Persistence BLUE PINK GRAY TAN GREEN PURPLERED BLACK

  34. Emerging adult brain • A Work in Progress • Stages of Adolescent Development • Emerging Adult Brain • The Long and Winding Road

  35. Components of trust • Reliability • Predictability • Faith

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