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Huiyao WANG PhD 王辉耀 Director General, Center for China and Globalization President, China Global Talents Society

China’s Global Talent Movement & its Implications & Impacts . Huiyao WANG PhD 王辉耀 Director General, Center for China and Globalization President, China Global Talents Society Vice Chairman, China Overseas Returned Scholars Association Senior Fellow, Harvard Kennedy School

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Huiyao WANG PhD 王辉耀 Director General, Center for China and Globalization President, China Global Talents Society

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  1. China’s Global Talent Movement & its Implications & Impacts Huiyao WANG PhD 王辉耀 Director General, Center for China and Globalization President, China Global Talents Society Vice Chairman, China Overseas Returned Scholars Association Senior Fellow, Harvard Kennedy School September, Tampere, Finland September 10, 2013

  2. CV of Dr. Huiyao Wang Dr. Wang is a Director General of Center of China and Globalization, a Senior Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School and Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. He was also a Visiting Fellow at Brookings Institution. He has taught at Peking University, Tsinghua University in China and University of Western Ontario in Canada. He has been a senior advisor to the Chinese government at both central and local levels and has served as a Task Force Leader for Global Talents Strategy Study Group of Department of Organization of Central Government. He has also participated in drafting China’s National Talent Development Plan 2010-2020. Dr. Wang is also the Vice Chairman of China Talent Research Society and the President of China Global Talents Society as well asan Economic Team Leader for Overseas Experts Advisory Committee of China State Council Overseas Chinese Affairs Office. Dr. Wang has researched extensively on China’s talent issues and published over30 books and 100 papers and articles on the subject, including his recentEnglish book Globalizing China, Strategy, Influence and Success of Chinese Returnee Entrepreneurs and also Entrepreneurial and Business Elites of China: The Chinese Returnees Who Have Shaped Modern China. Dr. Wang is a Board Member of Richard Ivey Business School in Asia and also a Board Adviser of Association of Executive Search Consultants, a worldwide headhunters association based in New York.

  3. OUTLINE I. China’s Global Talent Movement II. China’s Global Talent Trend III. China’s Talent Policy Development IV. Some Policy Recommendations V. Further Ideas on Global Talent Cooperation

  4. Ⅰ. China’s Global Talent Movement Three Waves of Globalization--A New Framework First Wave: globalization of trade -- goods movement; Second Wave: globalization of finance -- capital movement; Third Wave: globalization of talent – talent movement

  5. High-Speed Flow of Global Migrants (UN DESA, 2009) • Between US & China • According to the report of Chinese Embassy to the U.S. , the daily personnel exchange between US-China is up to 10,000; • US issued 1.08 million visa in China in 2011 ,and 1.38 million in 2012;

  6. From Population Dividend to Talent Dividend From “Made in China” to “Created in China” From Attracting Financial Capital to Attracting Human Capital From Hardware to Software From Investment-Driven Economy to Talent-Driven Economy From Resources Driven Economy to Knowledge-Driven Economy From emphasis on Science & Technology Innovation to both S & T and Social Innovation From rely on domestic talents to rely on both domestic and international talents Eight Transformations in China on Talent

  7. ⅰ .Chinese Overseas Students • Largest Overseas Students “Source Country” in the World • In 2012, China students went abroad to study reached 399,600. • The number of Chinese students study abroad account for 17% of the total of the world. Source: Annual Report of China’s Study Abroad 2013

  8. ⅰ . Chinese Overseas Students US-China Students Movement • According to the newest Open Doors 2012(IIE), Chinese student enrollments increased by 23 % from previous year, from 157,558 in 2010-2011,to 194,029in 2011-2012. Source: Open Doors 2012(IIE),Ministry of Education of China

  9. Students ExchangeDeficit of China 2011 Data Source: Ministry of Education of China

  10. ⅱ .Chinese Global Migration Chinese Obtaining Legal Permanent Resident Status just in 3 countries 2010-2011 Total 146,760 Source: Annual Report of Chinese International Migration (2012)

  11. US-China Migration Asian rights groups union’s report • In 2011, the Chinese population has reached 4.025 million in USA, is the biggest Asian descent in US • More than 60% of Chinese immigrants ,that is 2.415 million ,have already got US citizenship. Application of Chinese Mainland for I-526 Visa Source: Bloomberg Businessweek ,March 29,2013

  12. ⅲ .Foreign Experts in China The Foreign Expert Working in China by Main Source Country :2008-2012 Source :State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs

  13. ⅳ .Returnees Returnees Are Rapidly Increasing Source: Annual Report of Chinese Returnees Development 2013

  14. Reasons of Chinese and Indian Returnee Entrepreneurs Back to the Home Country • I have co-authored a new study with VivekWadhwa, Sonali Jain, AnnaLeeSaxenian, Gary Gereffi on Chinese and Indian returnee entrepreneurs . • Findings Include: • More than 60% of Indian and 90% of Chinese respondents cited economic opportunities in their countries as a very important factor in motivating the return home. • The returnees took pride in contributing to economic development in their home countries. More than 60% of Indians and 51% of Chinese rated this as very important. • 56% of Indians and 59% of Chinese said their quality of life back home was better or equal to what they had experienced in the United States. • Salaries were the only advantage the respondents attributed to the United States.53% of Chinese respondents said that salaries were higher in the United States.

  15. Returnees are changing China in various ways 1. Education and Science Areas Source: Annual Report of Chinese Returnees Entrepreneurship 2012

  16. 2. In Chinese Government • In history, the cabinet of Dr. Sun Ya-San, returnees took 15 of the 18 ministers and vice minister positions in the nine government ministries • Today China still faces numerous challenges in terms of science and technology innovation. Encountered with a variety of domestic and international complexities, China has to employ high-quality talents with modern professional knowledge and international views, especially those who have studied overseas.

  17. 3. Key Players in China’s Hi-Tech Industries and Entrepreneurship Source: Survey of Annual Report of Chinese Returnees Entrepreneurship 2012

  18. 4. Pioneering Enterprises Listed Overseas • In 2009 alone, a record 33 Chinese companies were listed on the NASDAQ. • Most of the NASDAQ-listed Chinese companies are either funded or run by Chinese returnees

  19. 5. Managing Multinationals in China The new waves of Chinese overseas graduates who had already returned, or who work for MNCs or leading companies abroad, have filled many of the top management positions in MNCs, often as in-country directors or managers. • Google, Microsoft China, UBS, Alcatel, News Corps, Siemens, Hewlett Packard, Ernst and Young, BP and General Motors.……

  20. By Huiyao Wang, Emerald Publishing, 2011, 2012 United Kingdom

  21. Ⅱ. China Global Talent Future Trends • Talent Movement Speeds up • More Going Abroad • More Coming Back • More New Comers

  22. Lowering Ages of Chinese Students Going Abroad Students going to study in secondary schools in US Source: US Department of Homeland Security The number of mainland students participated SAT in Hong Kong in 2013 is expect to be 60,000. Asia World-Expo has been used as SAT examination hall since 2011 . Source: Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority

  23. Lowering Ages of Chinese Students Going Abroad Most Students in China’s High-School want to study abroad. Most of them are top students. Source: The Survey for Study Abroad of High School Students ,by CCG,2013

  24. China is Becoming the NewStudy Destination of World Students 100,000 Strong China • Secretary of State Hillary Clinton officially launched the initiative ,100,000 Strong China ,in May 2010 in Beijing. The Chinese government strongly supports the initiative and has already committed 10,000 “Bridge Scholarships” for American students to study in China.

  25. China is Becoming the Biggest Driver of International Tourism Growth • Over 83 million Chinese tourists spent $102 billion overseas in 2012, almost double the amount recorded in 2010 (UN/WTO). Chinese are becoming one of the biggest overseas travelers spending countries. • Chinese President Xi Jinpingspoke at theOpening Ceremony of the Boao Forum for Asia 2013 --- the number of China’soutbound tourists may well exceed 400 million in the coming 5 years!

  26. III. China’s Talent Policy Development ⅰ. The 18th CPC National Congress:Establish an talent system advantage with international competitiveness • Implement the strategy of revitalizing China through talents. • Speed up the system and mechanism reform of talent development and policy innovation

  27. ⅱ. China’s National Talent Development Plan (2010-2020) • 2001 APEC conference on human capacity building in Beijing. • 2003 national conference on human resources development • Establishment The Central Talent Work Coordinating Group • 2007 CCP adopted talent development as a strategy to revitalize the country and put this into the Party Congress Report and Party Charter • 2010 passing China’s National Talent Development Plan (2010-2020)

  28. Main Indicators of China’s National Talent Development Plan

  29. ⅲ. Thousand Talents Program • 2008 Thousand Talents Program (千人计划） • 2010 Thousand Young Talents Program • 2011 Thousand Foreign Experts program • 2011Special Talent Zone （人才特区） • 2012 Ten Thousand Talent Plan （万人计划） • By now ,more than 3,300 overseas high-level talent has been recruited under Central Government Thousand Talents Program and 20,000 under local programs

  30. 1.ChinaTalent Visa • ⅳ Policy Breakthrough • In July,2012, China revised the Law of Exit and Entry, established a Talent Visa under the ordinary visa type. • In July 2013, China has introduced new“ talent visa ” .

  31. According to official of Bureau of Exit and Entry Administration ,China will lower the requirement of obtaining Chinese Green Card in the near future ,to allow more talent living permanently . 2.China Green Card In Aug, 2004,China implemented “Green Card” system. By the end of 2011, the number of foreigners who get Foreigner‘s Permanent Residence Card is 4752.According to the newest official statistics, this data has nearly 6000 by now.

  32. 3.Measures of Foreigners Permanent Residence in China ‘s Relevant Treatment (Sept, 2012) Foreign residents enjoy the same rights and bear the same obligations as Chinese citizens in principle, except political rights and some rights and obligations not entitled in laws and regulations; Their period of stay in China is unrestricted; they could enter and exit China with valid passport and foreigners permanent residence card , without having to make a separate visa and other formalities; If they are under employment in China, they don’t have to apply the “Foreign Employment Permit; They can found foreign-invested enterprises with technology shares or capital shares, and develop Foreign Direct Investment with lawfully RMB in China; They can participate in the social insurance procedures by the valid identity certificate, Foreign Permanent Residence Permit .

  33. 4. China’s New Exit-Entry Law New exit-entry regulation for foreigners was released in July 23 and went to effect at Sep 1,2013 New law went to effect at July 1,2013

  34. IV. Some Policy Recommendations • China needs to improve its global talents movement • Should further enhance its policy on overseas talents • Attract more foreign students coming to China • Lower Chinese green card requirements • Adopt dual nationalities to attract the diasporas • Put emphasis on global entrepreneurs and innovators • Increase China’s global talent population percentage • Set up a Chinese Immigration Bureau

  35. V. Further Global Talent Cooperation Ideas Bilateral and Multilateral Cooperation on Global Talent Movement Establish mechanism, to promote the talent development and talent use cooperation ,to cultivate more internationalized talent, and to promote the talent circulation in area. • FTA : Free Talent Agreement between Governments • Talent Exchange Platform set by Governments or NGOs • Government Talent Dialogue

  36. Second Track Bilateral Talent Movement Roundtable Roundtable on Sino-US Global Talent Movement in Aug, 2013 , Beijing Organized by Center for China and Globalization

  37. Second Track Bilateral Talent Movement Roundtable Sino-Canada Human Resources Dialogue June 2013,Beijing Co-organized by CCG,CAPS , SAFEA and AFPC

  38. Multilateral Discussion on Global Talent Movement International Roundtable Forum on Global Talent in Singapore in June ,2013 IOM Roundtable in Beijing, China Sep,2,2013with Mr. Swing, Director General of IOM

  39. Capacity Building For Migration Management in China Project Phase II, Sept.5-6, 2013,Beijing • The Capacity Building for Migration Management in China Project (CBMM-China) Phase II is a joint undertaking involving the close cooperation and coordination of IOM, ILO, and the Government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the European Union (EU), and various EU Member States (MS). The forum is to further promote the development of Europe-China cooperation and exchange on migration management issues, as well as to decrease the talent movement barriers.

  40. Global Summit on Migration and Development ,Oct 3 ,2013,New York • Next month, the UN General Assembly in New York will host a two-day global summit on migration and development beginning on 3 October. • This second high-level dialogue will aim to identifying concrete measures to strengthen coherence and cooperation at all levels, with a view to enhancing the benefits of international migration for migrants and countries alike and its important link to development, while reducing its negative impacts.

  41. Establish a New WTO-- World Talent OrganizationNew Roles can be Played by Metropolis

  42. Thank you ! 王辉耀 Wang, Huiyao PhD Senior Fellow Harvard Kennedy School Email: huiyao_wang@hks.harvard.edu Director General Center for China and Globalization Web: www.ccg.org.cn Email: wanghuiyao@ccg.org.cn Tel: 86-10-65611038, 65611039

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