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Diseases of Poultry II.

Diseases of Poultry II. DR. NAGY EÖRSNÉ Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest Department of Poultry Pathology. ANTE MORTEM INSPECTION. At the farm before transportation to the slaughterhouse the poultry flock must be examined by veterinarian.

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Diseases of Poultry II.

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  1. Diseases of Poultry II. DR. NAGY EÖRSNÉ Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest Department of Poultry Pathology

  2. ANTE MORTEM INSPECTION • At the farm before transportation to the slaughterhouse the poultry flock must be examined by veterinarian. • A certificate must be composed on the results of this inspection and the pre-life of the flock • If the certificate is available – and it is negative – and it does not indicate the necessity of special measures, the ante mortem inspection at the slaughterhouse will include the identification of transported flock and control of injuries took place during transportation, furthermore the examination of dead birds. • Based on these data and examinations the veterinarian decides whether the flock will be submitted to normal or special slaughter or further special examination.

  3. HUNGARIAN ZOO SANITARY CODE41/1997.(V. 28.) FM. r.Notifiable Diseases • O.I.E. list A • Newcastle disease (Paramyxovirus) • Avian influenza (Orthomyxovirus) • Duck plaque (Herpesvirus)

  4. Viral Diseases • Newcastle disease • Avian influenza • Fowl pox • Infectious bronchitis • Infectious laryngotracheitis • Infectious bursitis • Marek's disease

  5. Newcastle disease • Notifiable disease ! • Avian paramyxovirus (serotype 1, 8 genotypes) • different pathogenity (v, m, l, a) • chicken, pheasant, turkey, pigeon, wild birds (water fowl) • Sensitivity: 56 °C - 3 min pH 3 - 3 min disinfectant

  6. Clinical signs: respiratory disease enteritidisnervous signsmarked drop in egg production • Pathology: • haemorrhageson seromembranes, on mucosal membranes(proventriculi, small intestine,ceca, -lymphoid tonsils -, trachea, pharynx) • enteritidis • diphtheriod inflammation on lymphoid tonsilson pharynx

  7. Isolation of virus (pathogenicity) • Prevention / Vaccination • Differential diagnosis(septicaemia, CRD, IBD, ILT, IB, Fowl pox, pneumovirus, coccidiosis, mycotoxicosis)

  8. if NDV is observed on the farm: In compliance with EU directive 93/119/EC, depopulation of infected flocks may take place using the following methods/drugs/systems: • Electronarcosis by water dipping • Decapitation and dislocation of the neck • Gassing with carbon dioxide • Vacuum tank if NDV is observed in the slaughter-house everything is condemned, and everything has to be desinfected

  9. Fowl pox • Poxviridae, Avipox • Sensitivity: 50°C heating 30 min 60°C 8 minin dry scabs for months/yearspH 5-9 resistant

  10. cutaneous formnodular (proliferative) lesions on the comb, wattle, eyelids, other non feathered areas • diphtheroid formnodules on mucosal membranes of pharynx, trachea, oesophagus • special histopathological changes (cytoplasmic inclusion body)

  11. Infectious Laryngotracheitis • Herpesvirus • Sensitivity:mild (halogen-detergents + iodophors, heating, but (-18°C-25°C !) • Acute respiratory disease • ConjunctivitisLaryngitisTracheitis(Histopathology: intranuclear inclusion body in epithelial cells by 3 day PI)

  12. Infectious bronchitis • Coronavirus • Sensitivity: 56°C 15 min at room temperature 2-3 dayscommon detergents destroy • Pathology:acute catarrhal tracheitis, bronchitissinusitis, air sacculitislocal pneumonia • nephritis, salpingitis (eggs !)

  13. Infectious bursal Disease (Gumboro Disease) • Birnavirus • bursa Fabricii (B lymphoid cells)immunsuppression ! • Sensitivity: very stabil virus! 60-70°C -30 min 0.5 % chloramines 10 min invert soap + 0,05 sodium hydroxide

  14. Pathology: haemorrhages in muscles (legs, breast) on mucosal membrane of proventriculi on lymphoid tonsils of intestineoedema and haemorrhageous inflammation of bursa Fabricii • Diff. diagnosis: Newcastledisease mycotoxicosis • Prevention: vaccination, hygiene

  15. Marek’s Disease • Herpesvirus (cell associated virus) • Sensitivity:  • Pathogenity:„classical” form (lesions in peripheral nerves)tumoral form (lymphoid tumors in different organs or in skin)transient paralysis • Differential diagnosis:Newcastle diseaseleucosistumors

  16. Parasites / ProtozoaCoccidiosis • Eimeria tenellaEimeria necatrixEimeria acervulinaEimeria truncata • Chicken, turkeygeese • Anticoccidial drugs /vaccination • immunsuppressive diseases (Marek’s disease, CAV, Gumboro disease, Reo, mycotoxines…)

  17. Haemorrhagic enteritidis (clotted blood - fibrinous inflammation)in caecumin small intestines • renal coccidiosis (enlarged, yellow-greyish kidneys)

  18. Fungal infectionsAspergillosis • Aspergillus fumigatusAspergillus flavusPenicilliumMucor • Respiratorydiseasepneumonia (granulomes)air sacculitis, peritonitis • Litter, feed (toxins) • (Antibiotics contraindicated!)

  19. In these cases poultry meat is partial condemned for human consumption (the effected areas are condemned: - parenchymal orgams • intestines • skin + muscles /breast, legs/ )

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