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Three “Traditional Methods” (Before 1970)

Three “Traditional Methods” (Before 1970). The Grammar Translation Method: “Mental Discipline” The Direct Method: A Rationalist Perspective on Language Learning Audiolingual Methodology: An Empiricist Perspective on Language Learning. Reactions to Audiolingualism: Two Mentalist Perspectives.

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Three “Traditional Methods” (Before 1970)

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  1. Three “Traditional Methods” (Before 1970) • The Grammar Translation Method: “Mental Discipline” • The Direct Method: A Rationalist Perspective on Language Learning • Audiolingual Methodology: An Empiricist Perspective on Language Learning On Teaching a Language

  2. Reactions to Audiolingualism: Two Mentalist Perspectives • The Cognitive Anti-Method (Newmark 1966, Newmark and Reibel 1968) • The Cognitive-Code Method (Chastain 1976) On Teaching a Language

  3. A Functional Approach: Communicative Language Teaching (Richard and Rogers 1986, others during the 80s)

  4. Modern Adaptations of the Direct Method • Total Physical Response (Asher 1972, Asher/Kusudo/de la Torre 1974) • The Natural Approach (Terrell 1977, 1986) On Teaching a Language

  5. Characteristics of the Natural Approach • Almost all classroom activities are devoted to communication. Grammar outside of class. • Importance of comprehensible input. • No error correction, just modeling. • “Acquisition” versus “Learning” • Importance of affective factors (friendly classroom atmosphere) • Speech emergence after silent period On Teaching a Language

  6. Humanistic Approaches to Language Teaching • Community Language Learning  • The Silent Way: Learning Through Self Reliance  • Suggestopedia: Tapping Subconscious Resources On Teaching a Language

  7. Summary of Chapter 3: • War of Methodologies versus Eclecticism • Proficiency as Organizing Principle • History of Methodologies On Teaching a Language

  8. Discussion and Activities On Teaching a Language

  9. Homework: • Read Chapter 4 • Answer Question 1 on p. 169 • Write down one thing that you learned and found particularly interesting, surprising and/or true. On Teaching a Language

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