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Pilgrims and Puritans: Calvinism comes to 17 th Century America

Pilgrims and Puritans: Calvinism comes to 17 th Century America. Luther - Melanchthon. 1517. Lutheran. Calvin - Beza. 1532. French-Swiss. }. Zwingli - Bullinger. Reformed Presbyterian Scottish Presbyterian Dutch Reformed. 1519. German-Swiss. Henry VIII - Cranmer.

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Pilgrims and Puritans: Calvinism comes to 17 th Century America

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  1. Pilgrims and Puritans:Calvinism comes to 17th Century America

  2. Luther - Melanchthon 1517 Lutheran Calvin - Beza 1532 French-Swiss } Zwingli - Bullinger Reformed Presbyterian Scottish Presbyterian Dutch Reformed 1519 German-Swiss Henry VIII - Cranmer Grebel – Manz - Simonsz 1525 1536 English Swiss Brethren Reformation Traditions Lutheranism Episcopal Anabaptist Congregational Mennonites English Separatists English Baptists Anglican Episcopal Church of England

  3. Pilgrims • England → Holland → England → America • 1620: Plymouth to Plymouth Rock • 102 passengers • Mayflower Compact • Plymouth Colony:1st permanent New England settlement

  4. Plymouth Rock

  5. Puritans • Non-separating Congregationalists • Each congregation independent • Church of England: true church • Repentant church membership • England might imitate their “New England.”

  6. Puritan Grievances • Marian Exiles returned under Elizabeth • James I: a sympathetic Protestant? • Charles I married Henrietta Maria, Catholic princess • Catholic lords given important posts • Archbishop of Canterbury, William Laud’s “Roman practices”

  7. Colonies: 1650

  8. John Winthrop • 1630-1649 • Governor of Massachusetts Bay Company • Founder of Boston • Sermon: “Model of Christian Charity” • “City upon a Hill”

  9. Pilgrims vs. Puritans Few Many Early (1620) Later (1629-30) Poor class Upper middle class Uneducated Educated Separatists from state church Loyal Settled in Plymouth Salem, Boston Wm. Bradford, Wm. Brewster John Endicott, Miles Standish, John Winthrop

  10. Puritan: Myths vs. Reality “Haunting fear that someone, somewhere may be happy” Books, music, beer, rum, swam, skated, bowled Wore black Blue, violet, green, yellow Narrow minded +100: Oxford & Cambridge “Dumme Doggs” Established Harvard after 6 years Women sheltered Literate, well read, managed household Song-less A capella, in unison Minority 1776: 75% of Puritan roots

  11. “Plain” Puritan Sermons • Text • Doctrine • Uses • Applications

  12. New England Bible Commonwealths • Sought guidance of Scripture for all aspects of citizen’s lives • Scripture authority in criminal statutes

  13. The English Bible in the 16th Century • Wycliffe 1380 • Gutenberg 1450 • Tyndale 1525 • Coverdale 1535 • Matthew 1537 • Taverner 1539 • Great 1539 • Geneva 1560 • Bishops’ 1568 • Rheims-Douai (NT) 1582 • King James 1611 Less than 100 years: 9 translations

  14. Geneva Bible • 1560 in Geneva • Leader: William Whittingham, sister of John Calvin • Used by the Pilgrims & Puritans in New England • 1560 – 1630: 200 editions • Bible of Shakespeare, Bunyan, Cromwell’s Army

  15. KJV Bible • Committee of English scholars between 1607-1611 • "Authorized Version” • 1st carried by John Winthrop to Massachusetts in 1630 • Supplanted Geneva Bible

  16. Church Privileges: • Communion • Church Offices GraceCovenant ChurchCovenant Political Privileges: • Elections • Civic Offices • Spiritual • Invisible • Physical • Visible Puritan Ecclesiastical Theory

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