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Following a successful war against Egypt in 1967 called ‘The Six Day War’, Egypt and Syria attacked the Israelis during the feast of Yom Kippur in 1973. Why do you think this war would have implications for Cold War politics?.  starter activity.

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 starter activity

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  1. Following a successful war against Egypt in 1967 called ‘The Six Day War’, Egypt and Syria attacked the Israelis during the feast of Yom Kippur in 1973. Why do you think this war would have implications for Cold War politics? starter activity

  2. What role did economic realities play in superpower relations during the 1970s? To compare the impact of economic changes in the 1970s on the West & USSR  Aims

  3.  Your task • Read p.142-3. Note down the immediate negative impact of the War on the West. • Make a list of the ways in which the War had a positive impact on the world’s economies

  4. Raising of the US flag during the battle of Iwo Jima during WWII.

  5. Negative impact of Yom Kippur (1973) • Oil became a ‘strategic weapon’ • Fuel increases (70%) • Oil supplies cut to supporters of Israel – full embargo on US oil supplies • Inflation • Industrial action in UK worsened crisis Power cuts & 3-day week were a familiar feature of life in the UK in the early 1970s

  6. Impact on West • US took advantage of situation to harmonise energy polices, e.g. Washington Energy Conference (1974) • Oil companies benefited from increased profits, e.g. exploration of North Sea Oil became feasible • Lucrative contracts with Middle Eastern Nations

  7.  Your task • Find evidence to show that the Soviet Union benefited from the oil crisis. • Choose 3 pieces of evidence that show the Soviet economy was in a desperate position by the early 1970s • Did economic problems helps or hinder Détente?

  8. Oil crisis benefits USSR • Opened new reserves in Siberia • Increases in world oil prices brought valuable foreign currency into USSR • USSR began exporting oil to rest of world Trans-Siberian pipeline

  9. Soviet economic problems • Enormous military expenditure – 30 out of 100 million workers involved in military-industrial sector • Investment in ‘national liberation’ schemes, e.g. Cuba $4bn pa • Failure of collectivisation, e.g. emphasis on heavy industry, inflexible planning • Agricultural inefficiencies – USSR imported $15bn grain pa (including from USA!)

  10.  Plenary • Why was the Yom Kippur War (1973) so significant? • Why do you think the West came out better than the Soviet Union? • Extension. Do economic problems alone explain why Détente began in the 1970s?

  11.  Homework • Read p.144-7 and under these headings take notes on the achievements and limitations of each treaty: • SALT I (1972) • SALT II (1979) • Helsinki Accords (1975)

  12.  Extension task • Read about the events of Yom Kippur using the weblink on www.studyhistory.co.uk • Read Isaacs, p.322-3 and note the impact of the oil crisis on the US and UK economies as well as relations between USA & USSR

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