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The Endocrine system

The Endocrine system. Ch 18 Lesson 1. What is the Endocrine System?. A system in your body that is made up of glands that secrete hormones to help regulate many of the body functions Especially important during the teen years-helps regulate growth and development. Definitions.

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The Endocrine system

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  1. The Endocrine system Ch 18 Lesson 1

  2. What is the Endocrine System? • A system in your body that is made up of glands that secrete hormones to help regulate many of the body functions • Especially important during the teen years-helps regulate growth and development

  3. Definitions • Endocrine glands- ductless, or tubeless organs or group of cells that secrete hormones directly into the blood stream • Hormones- chemical substances that are produced in glands and help regulate many of your body’s functions

  4. The Glands • Pituitary Gland- one of the most important glands because it regulates and controls all the other endocrine glands “master gland” • Hypothalamus- links endocrine system with nervous system, tells Pituitary gland what to do • Thyroid- regulates metabolism, body heat, and bone growth • Gonads- ovaries and testes, male and female reproductive glands • Pancreas- regulates level of blood glucose • Adrenal- control body’s emergency response, regulates salt and water balance

  5. Pituitary Gland • Divided into three sections; anterior, intermediate, and posterior • Anterior (front)- stimulates normal body growth and development, stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones, stimulates production of hormones in the adrenal glands, controls growth, development, and function of the gonads • Intermediate (middle)- controls darkening of the skin • Posterior (rear)- regulates the balance of water in the body

  6. Adrenal Glands • Helps the body recover from stress and respond to emergencies • Adrenal Cortex- secretes hormone that inhibits amount of sodium excreted in urine and serves to maintain blood volume and pressure, aids in metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates • Adrenal Medulla- secretes epinephrine and norepinephrinewhich increase heart beat and respiration, raises blood pressure, and suppresses digestive process during periods of high emotion

  7. Thyroid Gland • Produces hormones that regulate metabolism • Located in the front of the throat, shaped like a butterfly • Produces Thyroxine, which regulates the way cells release energy from nutrients

  8. Problems of the Endocrine System • Diabetes mellitus- disorder in which the pancreas produces too little or no insulin, resulting in high blood glucose levels • Graves Disease- hyperthyroidism overactive thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroxine • Cushing’s Disease- overproduction of adrenal hormones; symptoms round face, humped upper back, thin and easily bruised skin • Goiter- enlarged thyroid gland, caused mainly by lack of iodine in diet • Growth Disorder- abnormal amounts of growth hormone, with early diagnosis and proper treatment a child can reach normal height

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