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Relevant Indicators For Assessing Management Effectiveness In Different Types Of

Relevant Indicators For Assessing Management Effectiveness In Different Types Of Parks & Social Contexts. Katrina Brandon, CABS-CI. WCPA Evaluation Framework. Key Social & Policy Themes. Park Establishment Process Land & Resource Tenure Resource Uses Organizational Roles

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Relevant Indicators For Assessing Management Effectiveness In Different Types Of

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  1. Relevant Indicators For Assessing Management Effectiveness In Different Types Of Parks & Social Contexts Katrina Brandon, CABS-CI

  2. WCPA Evaluation Framework

  3. Key Social & Policy Themes • Park Establishment Process • Land & Resource Tenure • Resource Uses • Organizational Roles • Linkages between Parks & Buffer Areas • Conflict Management & Resolution • Large Scale Threats • National Policy Framework • Indigenous Peoples & Social Change • Transboundary Issues • Resettlement

  4. PiP Case Study Sites • Ría Lagartos & Ría Celestún Special Biosphere Reserves • Guatemala: Sierra de las Minas Biosphere Reserve • Costa Rica: Corcovado National Park • Dominican Republic: Del Este National Park • Belize: Rio Bravo Conservation & Management Area • Ecuador: Machalilla National Park • Ecuador: Podocarpus National Park • Bolivia: Amboró National Park • Peru: Yanachaga-Chemillen National Park

  5. CONTEXT FOR PA MANAGEMENT Selected Results, Base Study STABLE AREAS: Remote PAs orOpportunity PAs, watersheds, little pressure for agriculture

  6. CONTEXT FOR PA MANAGEMENT • RAPIDLY CHANGING AREAS: • PAs Created to Stop Change • (road, mining, etc.) • Transformation due to forces outside

  7. TWO TYPES OF PAs • CORE AREAS • most of area under protection • managed to limit consumptive or extractive activities (IUCN Categories Ia,Ib,II)

  8. . BIOSPHERE RESERVES & MULTIPLE USE AREAS Selected Results, Base Study • managed for multiple objectives • Residence and consumptive uses allowed • (IUCN Categories III, IV, V, VI)

  9. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study CLASSIFY BY ACTUAL NOT LEGAL This is a National Park; IUCN Category II– but it can never be managed as a core – it must be managed as a multiple use area!

  10. CONTEXT & MANAGEMENT COMPLEXITY STABLE CHANGING CORE 1 3 MULTIPLE USE 2 4 Ease of Action 1 easiest 4 hardest

  11. Immediate Actions At Core Areas Selected Results, Base Study

  12. Immediate Actions At Multiple Use Areas Selected Results, Base Study

  13. CONTEXT & MANAGEMENT COMPLEXITY STABLE CHANGING CORE 1 3 MULTIPLE USE 2 4 Ease of Action 1 easiest 4 hardest

  14. Scales For Context Asst. Selected Results, Base Study Site Scale: Helps inform better understanding of context PA System: Helps define strategy across sites Larger Scales/Donors: Costs, Financing, & Complexity

  15. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study Human Footprint & Last of the Wild WCS & CIESIN

  16. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study Numbers & % of Protected Areas & Human Footprint by Category

  17. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study Area of Protected Areas (pct) In Human Footprint

  18. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study Social Context of Protected Areas: Numbers 1: Core PAs are IUCN categories I and II, Multiple Use PAs are IUCN categories III – VI 2: Remote/Stable PAs are those lying at least partially beyond human footprint and with average annual population change < 3.5% between 1990 and 1995 3: Changing PAs are those with average annual population change > 3.5% between 1990 and 1995 or lying within the human footprint

  19. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study Social Context of Protected Areas By Area (ha) & Percent 1: Core PAs are IUCN categories I and II, Multiple Use PAs are IUCN categories III – VI 2: Remote/Stable PAs are those lying at least partially beyond human footprint and with average annual population change < 3.5% between 1990 and 1995 3: Changing PAs are those with average annual population change > 3.5% between 1990 and 1995 or lying within the human footprint 4: Figures are millions of ha

  20. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 • Selected Results, Base Study Indicators of Social Change at Different Scales Site Level: ratio of park boundary subject to human pressure; level & rate of deforestation surrounding PA; infrastructure development; land use changes. National Level: above factors + social data (GIS) on poverty, landlessness, government expenditure Regional Level: above (if available) + human footprint data; little change data exists; use proxies.

  21. . • E.g. 100 #1 sites + 50#2 sites + 10 #3 + 6#4 • or 50 #1 sites + 20#2 sites + 15 #3 + 12#4 Scales For Context Asst. Selected Results, Base Study Within a system or broadscale, this can help, when used with other data(e.g. $ available) can clarify what is possible and nature of tradeoffs. Biological/Ecological Criteria First! Then Type of Site 1 2 3 4 100 50 10 6 or 50 20 15 12

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