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The Forest Biodiversity Programme METSO 2008 –2016

The Forest Biodiversity Programme METSO 2008 –2016. Forests in Finland. Metso is also the Finnish name of the capercaillie. Metso is a well-known forest bird that has become scarce in Finland in recent years.

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The Forest Biodiversity Programme METSO 2008 –2016

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  1. The Forest Biodiversity Programme METSO 2008 –2016 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  2. Forests in Finland Presentation / Author

  3. Metso is also the Finnish name of the capercaillie Metso is a well-known forest bird that has become scarce in Finland in recent years. Capercaillie and many other forest birds, animals, plants and fungi will benefit greatly from the protection of more of the forest area under the METSO Forest Biodiversity Programme for Southern Finland. Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  4. Forests in Finland Finland is the most forested country in the EU 60% of the forest land privately owned 5 million Finns - 735 000 private forest owners one in every seven Finns is a forest owner small-scale forestry (average size 30 ha) over 95% of forests are PEFC certified Source: Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) • 75% of the land area covered by forest • 22.8 million hectares • 13% of the forest area (3 million hectares) is protected or under restricted use Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  5. Forests in Finland • Forest sector employs 70 000 Finns (2009) • The entire forest cluster provides employment to almost 200 000 Finns • The total value of forest industry production is around 20 billion euros • The forest industry accounts for about 20% of all Finnish goods exports Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  6. Finnish forest industry Share of world's forests • 0.5% Share of world production • Sawn goods: 3% • Wood pulp: 7% • Paper and paperboard: 4% Share of world exports • Sawn goods: 5% • Wood pulp: 5% • Paper and paperboard: 11% Source: Finnish Statistical Yearbook of Forests 2009 6 2010 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  7. Large share of forests protected in Finland No intervention (strictly protected) Minimal intervention Active management Source: State of Europe's Forests 2007 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  8. From deforestation to SFM 19th CENTURY Poor agricultural country Deforestation due to unsustainable forestry (timber harvesting, fuel wood, slash and burn cultivation, grazing) 20th CENTURY Development of forest industries, rising timber prices, sustainable forest management, renewed forestry organisations Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  9. Most of the protected areas are in Northern Finland Share of strictly protected forests in different parts of Finland Source: State of Europe's Forests 2007 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  10. Instruments for the protection of forest biodiversity in Finland Skogs-certifiering National Forest Programme (NFP) NATURE CONSERVATION ACT METSO, National Forest Programme FOREST ACT Recommendations for sustainable forest management Landscape ecological planning (State-owned forests) FOREST BIODIVERSITY Multi-objective planning (Companies) Certification of forests Skogs-certifiering (PEFC) Forest management plans (Privately-owned forests) Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  11. National Forest Programme (NFP) and METSO • International treaties on the conservation of forest biodiversity (CBD, UNFF, MCPFE, etc.) require national measures to attain the goals set in the treaties • Finland's national goals are laid down by the Government Resolution Concerning the National Strategy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in Finland 2006−2016 • METSO Programme was drawn up side by side with NFP to support the implementation of sustainable forest management • Government resolution was issued in March 2008 for both METSO Programme and National Forest Programme 2015 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  12. Regional forest programmes and METSO • Legal basis in the Forest Act • 13 regional forest programmes specific to each region • Guidelines on sustainable forest management and conservation, use of wood and wood processing and multiple use • Includes actions and financing • Forestry centres compile the programmes in close collaboration with relevant stakeholders • Updated every five years • Regional forest programmes implement METSO in the regions Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  13. Habitat-specific action programmes of METSO • Overview on forest biodiversity by the region • Habitat-specific goals according to organisations and legal instruments (Act on the Financing of Sustainable Forestry, Nature Conservation Act) • Plans on the management and restoration of habitats • Need for financing for the implementation and follow-up • Impacts of the programme on conservation, livelihoods, recreation, tourism and cultural values Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  14. Distribution of herb-rich forests (one of the METSO habitats) Dark green colour indicates the locations where several herb-rich forest habitats were found in the NFI plot data Source: 10th National ForestInventory of Finland Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  15. Source: Karppinen /Finnish Forest Research Institute 2009 Acceptance of conservation among forest owners Main objectives of private forest owners 15 2010 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  16. Conservation status of Finnish forests 2008 *)Forests = annual growth > 0.1 m 3/ year. ‘Other wooded land area’ = growth < 0.1 m 3/ year. (Source: Finnish Statistical Yearbook of Forests 2009) 16 2010 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

  17. Threatened species in Finland • Human impact on biodiversity is the greatest in southern Finland • Most of the threatened forest species occur in southern Finland • In the latest evaluation of threatened species in Finland - in all ecosystems - 1 505 animal or plant species were classified as threatened • They included 50 vertebrates, 759 invertebrates, 180 vascular plants, 142 cryptogams, and 374 fungi or lichens • A large inventory programme on the threatened species - supporting METSO Programme - has been launched → results by the end of 2010 Photo: Tuomo Niemelä Photo: Timo J. Nieminen Karhunkääpä Haavanpökkelökääpä Photo: Petri Martikainen Photo: Petri Martikainen Tuhkalatikka Nahkuri Photo: Terhi Ryttäri Photo: Antti Below Pohjantikka Kangasajuruoho 17 2010 Ministry of the Environment / Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

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