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Immune and Integumentary Systems. Immune System. Functions. The immune system defends against disease. It recognizes, attacks, and destroys foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. Organs. Tonsils – lymph nodes in the throat Thymus – T-Cells made in the bone are matured here.
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Functions • The immune system defends against disease. • It recognizes, attacks, and destroys foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses.
Organs • Tonsils – lymph nodes in the throat • Thymus – T-Cells made in the bone are matured here. • Lymph Nodes – small bean-shaped masses • Spleen – filters blood for foreign particles carried by the white blood cells. • Bone Marrow – makes white blood cells.
Immune System Tonsils Thymus Lymph node Spleen Lymphatic vessel Bone marrow
Tissues • White Blood Cells – blood cells whose main function is to defend the body against disease. • Lymphocytes – white blood cells. • T-Cells – lymphocytes made in the bone marrow and mature in the Thymus gland whose function is to attack cells that have been invaded by viruses. • B-Cells – lymphocytes made in the bone marrow that make antibodies to attack viruses in the blood.
Recognition – White Blood Cells identify the antigens that do not belong in the body. (viruses & bacteria) • Activation – White Blood Cells attach to the foreign cells or viruses and destroy them. • Disposal – foreign cells and viruses are filtered out of the blood in the spleen.
Functions • Regulates body temperature • Keeps germs out of the body • Senses temperature, texture, pressure, and pain. • Releases oil, waste and salt in sweat. • Shields body from UV rays • Produces vitamin D from UV rays. • Provides waterproof covering that prevents dehydration.
Specialized Cells • Epidermis – outer layer of skin mostly made up of dead cells. • Dermis – functional layer of skin below the epidermis.
Epidermis • Keratin – strong flexible protein that make skin tough and waterproof. • Melanin – pigment that gives skin its color and shields the body from UV rays.
Dermis • Contains – blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, and hair follicles. • Collagen – protein fibers that make skin flexible.