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LEARNING MODALITIES. LEARNING MODALITIES. Learning modalities are the sensory channels or pathways through which individuals give, receive, and store information A typical classroom contains 25-30% visual, 25-30% auditory, 15% tactile kinesthetic, & the rest have mixed modalities
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LEARNING MODALITIES • Learning modalities are the sensory channels or pathways through which individuals give, receive, and store information • A typical classroom contains 25-30% visual, 25-30% auditory, 15% tactile kinesthetic, & the rest have mixed modalities • Knowing these modalities and the make-up of your classes is important to accommodate all learners – this is part of “differentiation.”
Visual Learners • Remember 75% of what they SEE and READ • Enjoy “decorating” their learning, living areas • Looking at a person speaking helps them “focus” • Learn best alone
Characteristics of Visual Learners • Mind wanders during verbal instructions • Trouble following or remembering verbal instructions/directions • Does more observing during group discussion • Usually neat, quiet, at times shy
To Help a Visual Leaner • Make flash cards • Highlight when reading • Use color coding when reading, organizing • Re-copy notes, information trying to learn • Develop and use diagrams, charts, maps, etc. • Use films, movies, TV, power points, etc. • Find ways to distract auditory with “white noise” to help visual focus
Auditory Learners • Must HEAR things to learn • Represents about 30% of general school age population • Remember up to 75% of what they hear in a lecture • Most difficult to learn new material or reading oriented learning – on line, large amounts of content, large reading assignments
Characteristics of Auditory Learners • Easily distracted by about any noise • Not interested in visual demonstrations • Active in group activities and discussions • Likes being read to • Listens to music, TV while studying • Often outgoing
To Help an Auditory Learner • Read aloud (to, or even aloud while studying) • Record notes, material to be learned on a recording device • Lectures, sound presentations, discussions • Use/create poems, stories, songs, rhythmic patterns and sounds, word association, mnemonics • Repetition of ideas, information
Tactile-Kinesthetic Learners • Must DO things for the best chance to learn • Tactile learners remember best when experience with hands/body - movement/touch • Kinesthetic learning requires whole body movement • Motor memory enables remembering what they have done
Tactile-Kinesthetic Characteristics • Taps feet, pencils, fingers while writing/thinking, etc. • Likes experiments, handling objects, hands on projects • Uses hand gestures and body language • Likes problem solving related to physical items • Outgoing, expresses emotions
To Help a Tactile-Kinesthetic Learner • Field Trips • Props, labs, experiments, hands on demonstrations, physical examples • Plays, role playing, performing • Making lists, posting the lists, checking items off when done • Problem-solving as a physical activity
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Other Learning Strengths • Verbal/Linguistic • Logical/Mathematical • Visual/Spatial • Bodily/Kinesthetic • Musical/Rhythmic • Interpersonal • Intrapersonal • Naturalist
Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence • Written and spoken words/language • Understanding meaning of words • Humor, jokes, debate • Memory and recall
Logical/Mathematical Intelligence • Scientific thinking • Inductive (parts to whole) and deductive (whole to parts) reasoning • Numbers • Abstract patterns • Problem solving • Complex calculations
Visual/Spatial Intelligence • Sense of sight • Internal mental images/pictures (see the page or object in your mind) • Colorful designs, patterns, shapes • Active imagination, pretending • Graphic representations • Finding your way in space
Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence • Physical movements • Body – muscle awareness • Expression of self through body (drama, body language, gestures, dance) • Improved body functioning i.e. conditioning, muscle memory • Sports, dance, acting, physical exercise
Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence • Recognition of tonal patterns, sensitive to rhythm and beats • Sensitivity to sounds • Effects of music and rhythm on the brain • Human voice/sounds, sounds of nature, musical instruments, percussion
Interpersonal Intelligence • Person to person relationships and communication • Verbal and non-verbal communication • Sensitivity to others moods, feelings, non-verbal behavior, motivations • Notice distinctions and characteristics of others • Prefer to be – study with others
Intrapersonal Intelligence • Aware of inner states of being, self reflection • Awareness and expression of different feelings by self • Awareness of feelings, thinking processes, and spirituality of self • Higher order thinking and reasoning with regards to self improvement if can remain positive about self (wants to study alone)
Naturalistic Intelligence • Nature lover - “save the .....” • Observes and remembers from environment • Like animals and learns about and from them • Notices patterns in nature • Collects, classifies • Keen senses especially when in nature
END J. Jackson, Ph.D. EDUC 110