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RFI in the radiometric calibration data Yuji Taniguchi ( M itsubishi S pace S oftware Co.,Ltd.)

DD8040-10-AMSR001. RFI in the radiometric calibration data Yuji Taniguchi ( M itsubishi S pace S oftware Co.,Ltd.) Akira Shibata （ J apan A erospace E x ploration A gency) AMSR-E Science meeting, 03/June/ 20 10 , Huntsville. 1. Preface.

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RFI in the radiometric calibration data Yuji Taniguchi ( M itsubishi S pace S oftware Co.,Ltd.)

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  1. DD8040-10-AMSR001 RFI in the radiometric calibration data Yuji Taniguchi (Mitsubishi Space Software Co.,Ltd.) Akira Shibata （Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) AMSR-E Science meeting, 03/June/2010, Huntsville

  2. 1. Preface • Increase of irregular count value of AMSR-E calibration sources; Cold Sky Mirror Count and Hot Load Count. • Radio-Frequency interference(RFI) might cause the increment.

  3. 2. Influence of RFI to calibration sources • Irregular points detection using standard deviation. • Convert the calibration source count to the voltage. • Calculate standard deviation using 8 points in the scan azimuth direction, 11 lines in the along track direction. • Easier to detect anomaly. Unusual rises are detected scan azimuth direction Standard deviation [mV] CSM Count Voltage [mV] 11scan along track direction Standard deviation Scan Number 1/Nov/2008 Path146Descending 6.9GHzCold Sky Mirror Count 8 points near the center

  4. 2 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） • Occurrence timing of RFI • Investigate level 1 products observed from June 2002 to December 2009. • Plot the maximum standard deviation for each products as shown below Reflection of the moon Standard deviation [mV] This effect is already known. We neglected it and focus on the other anomalies. 2007 36.5GHz V-pol. Ascending Cold Sky Mirror 3１/Dec. １/Jan. Date （1 year)

  5. 6.9GHz - Cold Sky Mirror Count -

  6. 2.1 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） Cold Sky Mirror Count 6.9GHzV-pol (x-axis：date） Ascending Descending 2006 2006 2002 2002 2007 2007 2003 2003 The RFI has always occurred. Where do these occur? We estimated the sub-satellite point. 2008 2008 2004 2004 2009 2009 2005 2005

  7. 2.1 Specify the area of interference source Cold Sky Mirror Count6.9GHz Yearly Maximum value of standard deviation(2008) 6.9GHzVpolAscending 6.9GHzHpolAscending ・RFIoccurs in the specific land areas. 6.9GHzVpolDescending 6.9GHzHpolDescending

  8. Europe This effect is removed at the Level 1B brightness temperature. 45Count≒4.5K 18/Aug./2003 Path 185 Descending

  9. 10.7GHz - Cold Sky Mirror Count -

  10. 2.2 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） Cold Sky Mirror Count 10.7GHzV-pol (x-axis：date） Since July 2007 Unusual rises Ascending Descending 2006 2006 2002 2002 2007 2007 2003 2003 2008 2008 2004 2004 2009 2009 2005 2005

  11. 2.2 Specify the area of interference source Cold Sky Mirror Count 10.7GHｚ Yearly Maximum value of standard deviation(2007) 10.7GHzVpolAscending 10.7GHzHpolAscending Since July 2007 RFI was detected in the East Coast(U.S.) sometime West Coast(U.S.) Europe 10.7GHzVpolDescending 10.7GHzHpolDescending

  12. U.S. East Coast This effect is removed at the Level 1B brightness temperature. 6Count≒2.4K 02/Dec./2008 Path 91 Ascending

  13. 18.7GHz - Cold Sky Mirror Count -

  14. 2.3 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） Cold Sky Mirror Count 18.7GHzV-pol (x-axis：date） Since September 2007 Unusual rises Ascending Descending Reflection of the moon 2006 2006 2002 2002 2007 2007 2003 2003 2008 2008 2004 2004 2009 2009 2005 2005

  15. 2.3 Specify the area of interference source Cold Sky Mirror Count 18.7GHｚ Monthly Maximum value of standard deviation(Feb./2008) 18.7GHzVpolAscending 18.7GHzHpolAscending Since Sep. 2007. RFI was detected the specific area: ・The north side of the Hawaii ・Near the Antarctic Peninsula 18.7GHzVpolDescending 18.7GHzHpolDescending Reflection of the moon Reflection of the moon Since Feb. 2008.

  16. The north side of the Hawaii This effect is not removed at the Level 1B brightness temperature. 2Count≒0.8K 6Count≒2.4K 2Count≒0.8K 07/Oct./2009 Path 167 Ascending

  17. 6.9GHz - Hot Load Count-

  18. 2.1 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） Hot Load Count 6.9GHzV-pol (x-axis：date） Ascending Descending 2006 2006 2002 2002 2007 2007 2003 2003 The RFI has always occurred. 2008 2008 2004 2004 2009 2009 2005 2005

  19. 2.2 Specify the area of interference source Hot Load Count6.9GHz Yearly Maximum value of standard deviation(2008) 6.9GHzVpolAscending 6.9GHzHpolAscending RFI was detected the specific area: Europe China(East) U.S 6.9GHzVpolDescending 6.9GHzHpolDescending

  20. Europe This effect is not removed at the Level 1B brightness temperature. 12Count≒1.2K 18Count≒1.8K 16/May/2008 Path 35 Ascending

  21. 10.7GHz - Hot Load Count -

  22. 2.1 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） Hot Load Count 10.7GHzV-pol (x-axis：date） Ascending Descending 2006 2006 2002 2002 2007 2007 2003 2003 The RFI has often occurred. 2008 2008 2004 2004 2009 2009 2005 2005

  23. 2.2 Specify the area of interference source Hot Load Count 10.7GHz Yearly Maximum value of standard deviation(2005) 10.7GHzVpolAscending 10.7GHzHpolAscending RFI was detected the specific area: Europe West Coast(U.S.) 10.7GHzVpolDescending 10.7GHzHpolDescending

  24. Europe This effect is not removed at the Level 1B brightness temperature. 2count≒0.8K 8Count≒3.2K 19/Oct./2005 Path 15 Ascending

  25. 18.7GHz - Hot Load Count -

  26. 2.1 Influence of RFI to calibration sources （Timeseries） Hot Load Count 18.7GHzV-pol (x-axis：date） Ascending Descending 2006 2006 2002 2002 2007 2007 2003 2003 The RFI has few occurred. 2008 2008 2004 2004 2009 2009 2005 2005

  27. 2.2 Specify the area of interference source Hot Load Count 18.7GHz Yearly Maximum value of standard deviation(2004) 18.7GHzVpolAscending 18.7GHzHpolAscending RFI was detected the specific area: East Coast(U.S.) 18.7GHzVpolDescending 18.7GHzHpolDescending

  28. East Coast(U.S.) This effect is not removed at the Level 1B brightness temperature. 8Count≒3.2K 7Count≒2.8K 27/Jan./2004 Path 110 Ascending

  29. 2.2 Specify the area of interference source • RFI has occurred almost in the same position. • These sources are possibly the communication between the ground and the geostationary satellites.

  30. 3 RFI from LEO’s We examined 6.9GHｚ Cold Sky Mirror Count more in detail. Change the scale factor to emphasize the anomalies as shown below: Monthly MAP (March 2009 Descending)

  31. 3 RFI from LEO’s A very small amount of RFI occurs. Monthly MAP (March 2009 Descending) Scale Change

  32. 3 RFI from LEO’s Periodic cycle Focus on To investigate the relationship between observation date and RFI generation, we made images of standard deviation of Cold Sky Mirror shown like below: 26/Apr/2011 Path 173 11/Apr/2011 Path 189 time series North Pol. This RFI occurs periodic cycle with time. along track direction 0.01 Standard deviation 0.00 South Pol.

  33. 3 RFI from LEO’s 6Path 6Path 6Path 6Path 6Path 6Path RFI occurred each 6 orbit cycle. (No.7) (No.6) (No.5) (No.4) (No.3) (No.2) (No.1)

  34. RFI effect (No.2) 15Count≒1.5K We identified the locations of each RFI occurrence which will be shown the following slides. 15Count≒1.5K 13/Apr./2010 Path 219 Descending

  35. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.1) 12/Apr. P123

  36. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.2) 12/Apr. P123 13/Apr. P219

  37. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.3) 12/Apr. P123 13/Apr. P082 13/Apr. P219

  38. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.4) 13/Apr. P178 12/Apr. P123 13/Apr. P082 13/Apr. P219

  39. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.5) 13/Apr. P178 12/Apr. P123 13/Apr. P082 14/Apr. P041 13/Apr. P219

  40. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.6) 13/Apr. P178 14/Apr. P137 12/Apr. P123 13/Apr. P082 14/Apr. P041 13/Apr. P219

  41. 3 RFI from LEO’s Sites of RFI occurrence Site of RFI occurrence(No.7) 13/Apr. P178 14/Apr. P137 12/Apr. P123 13/Apr. P082 14/Apr. P041 15/Apr. P233 13/Apr. P219 The cause of RFI is not the communications between the geostationary satellites and the ground. Area of RFI sites are move Periodic cycle Effect of LEOs?

  42. 3 RFI from LEO’s Which satellite is the source of RFI? Ocean products retrieved from 6.9GHz, such as SST and SSW, are damaged seriously by RFI.(Sep.2005 Yoshikawa@MSS) This RFI source is the Globalstar downlink beam.

  43. 3 RFI from LEO’s Which satellite is the source of RFI? 6.9GHz RFI in Cold Sky Mirror • We think that the satellite electric wave mixed with the view of Cold Sky Mirror. • Globalstar send out beacon of 6.85GHz. • We investigated the positional relation between Globalstar and Aqua. Globalstar CSMViewing field 1400km 112min Aqua/AMSR-E Beacon (6.85GHz) 705km 100min

  44. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Focus on GLOBALSTAR 54 Site of RFI occurrence(No.1) 12/April/2010 18:46:10 12/Apr. P123 AQUA

  45. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Site of RFI occurrence(No.1) 12/April/2010 18:46:10 12/Apr. P123 GLOBALSTAR 54 AQUA

  46. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Site of RFI occurrence(No.2) 13/April/2010 04:37:48 15/Apr. P233 GLOBALSTAR 54 AQUA

  47. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Site of RFI occurrence(No.3) 13/April/2010 14:29:33 13/Apr. P082 GLOBALSTAR 54 AQUA

  48. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Site of RFI occurrence(No.4) 14/April/2010 00:21:01 13/Apr. P178 GLOBALSTAR 54

  49. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Site of RFI occurrence(No.5) 14/April/2010 10:12:41 14/Apr. P041 GLOBALSTAR 54

  50. 3 RFI from LEO’s Positional relation between Aqua and Globalstar Site of RFI occurrence(No.6) 14/April/2010 20:04:15 14/Apr. P137 GLOBALSTAR 54

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