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Cognition and Learning

Cognition and Learning. Phobias and Conditioning. Phobias are irrational fears of specific objects, animals, or situations People acquire phobias through conditioning. Classical Conditioning.

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Cognition and Learning

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  1. Cognition and Learning

  2. Phobias and Conditioning • Phobias are irrational fears of specific objects, animals, or situations • People acquire phobias through conditioning

  3. Classical Conditioning • A learning procedure in which subjects make associations between a natural stimulus and a neutral stimulus • Ivan Pavlov • Tuning fork/salivation

  4. The Experiment • A neutral stimulus can replace a natural stimulus if it’s presented just before that stimulus • Food = unconditioned stimulus (US) • Salivation = unconditioned response (UR)

  5. Other Terms • Conditioned stimulus (CS) = tuning fork • Salivation = conditioned response (CR) • Conditioned responses are learned, not natural or reflexive

  6. Classical Conditioning

  7. Principles of Classical Conditioning • Acquisition of a conditioned response occurs gradually • Timing is very important • The intensity of the US

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