1 / 12

Computer Organization

Computer Organization. Introduction to Multilevel Machines. Summary. Programs L1 vs. L2 Languages Virtual Machines Hardware vs. Software Milestones in computer architecture Assignment. Programs. A sequence of simple instructions describing how to perform a certain task

zeus-davis
Download Presentation

Computer Organization

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Computer Organization Introduction to Multilevel Machines

  2. Summary • Programs • L1 vs. L2 Languages • Virtual Machines • Hardware vs. Software • Milestones in computer architecture • Assignment

  3. Programs • A sequence of simple instructions describing how to perform a certain task • Together these simple, primitive instructions form a language • People can communicate with the machine using this machine language

  4. L1 vs. L2 Languages • L1: Machine level 1 • Simple language (0’s and 1’s) • Tedious to use: 1110 1001 1110 0111 1001 1000 • Generate new language: L2 • more convenient, easier to use JMP E798 … E798 ADD …

  5. Executing L2 programs on L1 machine • Translation • Replace each L2 instruction with an equivalent sequence of L1 instructions • Computer sees only L1 instructions • Interpretation • Write an L1 program to read L2 programs and execute a sequence of L1 instructions • Translation “on the fly”

  6. Virtual Machines • Stop thinking about Translation or Interpretation • Imagine a virtual machine whose machine language is L2 • L1 and L2 cannot be “too different.” • L2 is better for people to think about than L1 • Still far from ideal • Form language L3 which is still better than L2 for people

  7. Hardware vs. Software • Hardware: electronic circuits, printed circuit boards, cables, power supplies, memories • Software: algorithms, their representations • Firmware: software embedded in electronic devices during their manufacture

  8. Hardware & Software are logically equivalent • Any operation performed in software can be mapped into hardware • Any operation performed by hardware can be simulated in software • Hardware executes faster • Software is more easily modified and less expensive

  9. Milestones in computer architecture • Mechanical computers • Vacuum tubes • Transistors • Integrated Circuits (IC’s) • VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

  10. Assignment

  11. Outside reading material http://www.reprise.com/host/electricity/default.asp http://web.archive.org/web/20020221211122/http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~engi202/electricity.html http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/Voltage/

More Related