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Phylum Cnidaria or Coelenterata

Phylum Cnidaria or Coelenterata. Jellyfish, anemones, corals. The Basics. Two tissue layers - an outer epidermis and an inner gastroderm Nerve net with stinging capsules called nematocysts Radial symmetry with 2 body types - a polyp and/or medusa.

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Phylum Cnidaria or Coelenterata

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  1. Phylum Cnidaria or Coelenterata Jellyfish, anemones, corals

  2. The Basics • Two tissue layers - an outer epidermis and an inner gastroderm • Nerve net with stinging capsules called nematocysts • Radial symmetry with 2 body types - a polyp and/or medusa

  3. The coral animal may live as a free-floating polyp or build colonies into reefs. Not all corals build reefs.

  4. Stony Coral • Hermatypic or reef builders • Polyp grows in 6 parts to form a body of calcium carbonate • Brain coral and staghorn coral

  5. Soft Coral • Polyps with 8 tentacles • While part of the reef, they do not build reefs because their bodies are a soft keratin. • Sea fans and gorgonians

  6. Hydrocoral • False corals resemble the anemone • contain powerful nematocysts that cause skin irritation • Fire coral

  7. Some cnidarians exist as individuals and others live as colonies like the Portuguese man-of-war.

  8. It has a gas filled float and individuals that function like specialized organs. Some are carnivores with digestion in food vacuoles.

  9. Cnidarians Class varieties

  10. Hydrozoans - Class Hydrozoa • Feathery or Bushy colonies of tiny polyps • Polyps may be specialized • Attach to pilings, shells, seaweed, etc. • Siphonophores - hydrozoans that form drifting colonies (Portugues man of war)

  11. Scyphozoans - Class Scyphozoa • Larger jellyfish • Bell of some medusae may reach 2 m. • Some are the most dangerous in the world

  12. Anthozoans - Class Anthozoa • Solitary or colonial polyps that lack a medusa stage. • Sea anemones • Stony corals and sea fans

  13. Textbook readings The case of the killer Cnidarians

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