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The Great Religions

The Great Religions. 3 Western, 3 Eastern. JUDAISM. The Israelites. Old Testament tells their story (The Bible ) David vs. Goliath Next Solomon makes Israel regional power Divides country between sons & Israel gone until 1948!!! Newman renders decision on Seinfeld.

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The Great Religions

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  1. The Great Religions 3 Western, 3 Eastern

  2. JUDAISM

  3. The Israelites • Old Testament tells their story (The Bible) • David vs. Goliath • Next Solomon makes Israel regional power • Divides country between sons & Israel gone until 1948!!! Newman renders decision on Seinfeld

  4. So Why is it a “Great Faith”? • Monotheism • Yahweh • 10 Commandments • From God to Moses • Makes them hard to assimilate • Grandfather of “Western” Religions

  5. CHRISTIANITY

  6. Jesus of Nazareth • Born a Jew in the Roman Empire under Augustus. • Historically proven by other sources. • His Teachings: • Monotheistic Trinity, Separate Church & State, New Testament

  7. Why Problematic? • Caesars claimed to be of divine origin • Economic loss as much trade centered around old temple gods • Threat to the culture & society if people not united • CRUCIFIXION

  8. The Catholic Church • Peter builds Church as first Pope (not divine). • ALL Christians were Catholic (universal) • Hunted down by Rome • Constantine at Milvian Bridge • Chiros - IHSV • Edict of Milan converts Europe

  9. CATHOLICISM DOMINATES EUROPE(even after Rome falls in 476)

  10. ISLAM

  11. Arab Polytheist Animists • Found gods in nature & chief god was Allah • The Ka’aba • Story of Muhammad (not divine), Gabriel & the Koran (part 3 of the Bible)

  12. What Gabriel Said • The Five Pillars of Islam • Pledge to Allah “There is no god but Allah & Muhammad is His messenger.” • Pray 5 times per day • Give alms to poor • Fast in Ramadan • Pilgrimage to Mecca • SHARI’AH LAW

  13. The Message & The Reaction • Allah isn’t chief god, he is the ONLY god • The Ka’aba was his gift • Politics & religion are the same, NO separation • Polytheist Animists HATE Mohammed • He flees to Medina, build army, conquers Mid East

  14. HINDUISM

  15. The Aryans • Conquered India in c 1500 BC • Had a Monotheistic “Force” called Brahman • Our souls (atman) seek to join with Brahman in death • Religious practices kept in the holy Vedas

  16. A Change in Theology • c 600 BC – Couldn’t perfect atman in one life = REINCARNATION • KARMA – invisible scoreboard of life • DHARMA – universal (unseen) rule book • YOGA – spiritual exercises

  17. CastePolytheism • Explains past sins or piety in terms of birth • One god couldn’t do everything… • Brahma - Creates • Vishnu - Preserves • Shiva – Destroys • 33K +!!! Top three are Aryans, bottom two not

  18. BUDDHISM

  19. Prince SiddharthaGautama563-483 BC • Born a Hindu in Nepal • King Suddhodana protected life of happiness until 29 • A shocking discovery, life as a hermit and the Middle Path The Truman Show Movie Trailer

  20. The Prince Returns • Problems with Hinduism- • Reincarnation & Wheel of Life • No escaping the “stacked pancakes” • Buddhism and Nirvana (by eliminating evil in the world)

  21. Boddhisatva

  22. Buddhist Temple & Holy Book • The Tripitaka is the Buddhist Holy Book (40 Volumes)

  23. CONFUCIANISM

  24. A “Religion” from Chaos • China in horrible civil war. • K’ung Fu-tzu (551-471 BC) worked for city-state of Lu. • Asked why things so bad? • King Wu & the Duke of Zhou • 5 Key Relationships RIGID social hierarchy to guide society = PEACE & STABILITY

  25. The Cement that Holds Society Together • Face • You must appear to be that which you are. If not, you have broken the relationship & no obligations exist.

  26. The Emperor’s Role • Mandate of Heaven • Emperor rules because god chose him to be born • If he loses face, citizens don’t have to treat him as emperor… • REVOLUTION!!!

  27. The Analects of Confucius • Confucian “Bible” • Book of Quotations • Tells how to live by avoiding excess in all of its forms.

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