Interaction of animal with its environment

1. Interaction of animal with its environment 1 Structure of earthworm community in the suburbs of Fukuoka City Distribution of environments under study Maximum biomass of earthworm in various vegetation Eco-morphological feature of representative Pheretima Unsettled problem a. Growth analysis on the population having a bi-modal distribution of weight, b. the individual without the male pore, b. The function of intestinal coeca c. Taxonomy problem of Pheretima of Fukuoka outskirts and Minamata 2. Population ecology of representative species Pheretima sp.(H-1) population 1．The earthworm is born, lives, and dies aNumber of individuals and weight distribution b.Population metabolism c. Daily fecal pellet production rate, daily food ingestion rate digestive efficiency and assimilation efficiency 2．Relations between individuals of the same species（Movement and dispersion） amass emergence of Pheretima sp. (H-1) on fine day after rain bThe structure of habitat and the distribution pattern 3．Interaction of animal with its environment aResource utilization and energy balance bThe bio-economic life table cInteraction of animal with its environment

2. Coordinates in study area north latitude East longitude north latitude East longitude Kumano1968 Experiment field of university1971-74 Quadrangle Hexagon 33.620157 130.452783 33.627934 130.423611 33.620193 130.453679 33.628488 130.423541 33.619719 130.453716 33.628542 130.423616 33.619635 130.452616 33.628466 130.423772 33.628403 130.424062 Hakozaki 1968 33.627863 130.423842 Quadrangle It consists of Grass area and Dicotylendonous area. Refer to slide x. 33.614841 130.424094 33.614529 130.424459 33.614363 130.42441 33.614515 130.423895 Center of investigation or Sampling Hokanken North 1991 - 2003 IBPMinamata 1969-1971 33.512697 130.499957 32.180103 130.59335 Hokanken South 1991 - 2003 33.512393 130.500784

5. Change in earthworm's scientific name [2/1/2014]

8. Total density 160 Body weight frequency 80 N 0 (b) Density of each generation 80 80 N 0 1000 125 (a) Body weight of each generation 0 mg Fig. 1-15. Seasonal change in (a) body weight and (b) density of each generation of Pheretima heterochaeta in area G. Vertical lines in upper figure indicate one standard deviation.

10. FIG. 3.2-5. Seasonal changes in average population density (a), mean body size (b) and number of dead worms observed (c).

11. Taxonomical problem of earthworm collected in Fukuoka pref. • Young earthwormcannot be identified. • All of Pheretima vittata and the majority of Pheretima sp.(H-1) have the male pore. • In Fukuoka and Minamata, there are a lot of nameless earthworms. . . The 18th section Rough sketch of Pheretima sp.(H-1)

14. Fig. 1-10. Seasonal change in population density of Pheretima sp.(H-1) in area D. Vertical lines indicate one standard deviation.

16. Density and average weight Production 現存量と呼吸量 Respiration 生産と異化 呼吸速度 Elimination

18. food consumption rate fecal pellet production Y = 545.15 W 0.4382 at 25 ºC F = 1419.12 W 0.7015 at 25 C Y = 481.55 W 0.5280at 20 ºC F = 1405.93 W 0.9594 at 20 ºC Y = 338.13 W 0.8764 at 15 ºC F = 986.86 W 0.92840 at 15 ºC Y:Food consumption per day W:Body weight F:Fecal pellet production per day

19. Fig.4-6. Nutrient contents of the materials in alimental canal of the pre-mature worms collected in field. a, Carbon content; b, Nitogen content; c; The ratio of food consumption to fecal pellt production, of the reared worms. In Lowest figure, the open area indicates the contribution by immature worms and the black area indicates the contributionby mature worms.

20. Carbon The ratio of food consumed to total material consumed (%) Nitrogen Fig. 5-2a. The relation between the assimilation efficiency and the ratio of food consumed to total material consumed.

22. White bars : Movement individual Black bars: Death individual Precipitation Mass movement of earthworm on fine after rain

23. Soil respiration rate

27. 同化 異化 巌のM star 森下のIδ Figure8-2Distribution pattern of individuals

28. The regression coefficient between number of earthworm and thickness of wormcast

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33. Three process of resource utilization (P+R=832.198 KJ)

34. CopyThree process of resource utilization (P+R=832.198 KJ)

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38. 餌に対する関係