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Plants – could we live without them?

Video. Plants – could we live without them?. No way! They are super important! A few reasons plants are important: Food – 90% of our food comes directly from plants! Shelter Oxygen – thanks photosynthesis! Medicines Textiles. Plants are boring… they don’t do anything!. … Or do they??

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Plants – could we live without them?

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  1. Video Plants – could we live without them? No way! They are super important! • A few reasons plants are important: • Food – 90% of our food comes directly from plants! • Shelter • Oxygen – thanks photosynthesis! • Medicines • Textiles

  2. Plants are boring… they don’t do anything! … Or do they?? • They aren’t mobile • They don’t show emotion … So how do we know they’re active & respond to their environment? Chemical & Physical Clues!

  3. Plant Hormones • Hormones: substance produced in 1 part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism • Produced in the hormone-producing cells, travel through the plant, & stimulate the target cell • Cells in apical meristems, young leaves, growing flowers, & fruits can be hormone-producing cells. • Once the target cell receives the hormone in a receptor, they are signaled to divide.

  4. Auxins • Substance produced in the tip of a seedling that stimulates cell elongation & division • Certain environmental factors stimulate their production, & they are responsible for the plant growing in a particular manner.

  5. Auxins • Phototropism: tendency of plants to grow toward a source of light

  6. Auxins • Gravitropism: response of a plant to the force of gravity; stems grow up & roots grow down regardless of how plant is oriented

  7. Auxins • Thigmotropism: growth of plant in response to touch (ex: vines growing around trellis)

  8. Auxins • Rapid Response: quick reaction of plant in response to touch (NOT GROWTH)

  9. Phototropism • Gravitotropism • Thigmotropism • Rapid Response Thigmotropism! This plant is growing around what it is touching!

  10. Phototropism • Gravitotropism • Thigmotropism • Rapid Response Gravitotropism! Even though this plant is horizontal, it has curved around to grow vertically!

  11. Phototropism • Gravitotropism • Thigmotropism • Rapid Response Phototropism! This plant is growing towards the light.

  12. Kingdom Plantae

  13. What are plant cell walls made of? • Chitin • Peptidoglycan • Cellulose • None of the above Cellulose!

  14. Kingdom Plantae • Eukaryotic • Cell walls made of cellulose • Contain chloroplasts with pigments like chlorophyll A & B that help with photosynthesis

  15. How do plants make sugar for energy? • Alcoholic Fermentation • Photosynthesis • Both • They don’t use energy. Photosynthesis!

  16. What do plants need to perform photosynthesis? • Carbon Dioxide • Water • Sunlight • All of the above All of the above!

  17. Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis? • Glucose • Nitrogen • ATP • Proteins Glucose! Glucose is the sugar produced during photosynthesis.

  18. Remember! • Photosynthesis 6CO2 + 6H2O + Solar Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sun  Glucose + Oxygen

  19. How is the glucose (sugar) made into energy? • Alcoholic Fermentation • Bacteria inside of the plant break the sugar down • Cellular Respiration • All of the above Plants use Cellular Respiration to break down the glucose & release energy!

  20. Kingdom Plantae • Plants make their own food (autotrophs). • When they need energy, they perform cellular respiration to break down glucose & release energy. • Occurs in the mitochondria!

  21. Remember! • Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

  22. What type of energy is needed to perform photosynthesis? • ATP • Chemical • Solar • All of the above Solar Energy! Plants need sunlight!

  23. What type of energy do plants create? • ATP • Chemical • Solar • All of the above ATP! Plants get energy from the sun, then the solar energy is transformed into energy in the form of ATP!

  24. Plant ReproductionAlternation of Generations • The life cycle switches between a diploid phase (2n) & a haploid phase (1n). • The diploid plant is called the sporophyte (2n). It produces spores via meiosis. • The spores form the gametophyte (1n), which produces gametes. • When the gametes fuse, the sporophyte plant will form.

  25. Alternation of Generations The actual plant that you think of is the sporophyte (2n). The sporophyte undergoes meiosis to produce the gametophyte (1n). The male gametophyte is pollen & the female gametophyte is the ovule. The gametophytes (pollen & ovule) produce gametes (sperm & egg). When gametes fuse, a new sporophyte will develop.

  26. Plant Reproduction • Alternation of Generations: sporophyte/gametophyte • Evolution of plants led the gametophyte form to be smaller & smaller. • The gametophyte form in seed plants is microscopic & found inside the cones & flowers.

  27. Which of the following types of plants do you think evolved first?

  28. Early Plants • Early plants were very similar to algae. • They were dependent on water for reproduction, & only with the evolution of the seed were plants able to survive on dry land.

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