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Comparing Models of NO x Chemistry in Asia

Comparing Models of NO x Chemistry in Asia. Tracey Holloway, Columbia University MICS-Asia Workshop 2001. Acknowledgements. Hiram Levy II, NOAA GFDL Greg Carmichael, University of Iowa Markus Amann and TAP Project, IIASA Meredith Galanter, Larry Horowitz, Mahesh Phadnis

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Comparing Models of NO x Chemistry in Asia

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  1. Comparing Models of NOx Chemistry in Asia Tracey Holloway, Columbia University MICS-Asia Workshop 2001

  2. Acknowledgements • Hiram Levy II, NOAA GFDL • Greg Carmichael, University of Iowa • Markus Amann and TAP Project, IIASA • Meredith Galanter, Larry Horowitz, Mahesh Phadnis • Support from DoD, NASA, Princeton Univ., GFDL

  3. Outline • Model Overview • Comparing with Observations • Regional Lagrangian vs. Global Eulerian • ATMOS-N Results

  4. Lagrangian, forward 1o x 1o resolution NCEP winds (1990) NCEP precipitation Vertical motion by “puff splitting” Linear chemistry only, non-interacting puffs ATMOS: Model Overview

  5. ATMOS-N Model Chemistry Fossil Fuel, Biomass Burning, Biogenic

  6. Fossil Fuel Emissions in Asia kTon NO2/grid-yr (IIASA, Van Ardenne)

  7. Model vs. Observations, I Annual Wet HNO3 Deposition (mg N/m2-yr) Observations from Dentener and Crutzen, 1994

  8. Model vs. Observations, II Annual Wet HNO3 Deposition (mg N/m2-yr) Observations from Fujita et al., 2000

  9. Model vs. Aircraft Obs Tropical W. Pac. Mid-lat. W. Pac. ATMOS OBS GFDL GCTM Sept.-Oct. Feb.-Mar.

  10. Global, Eulerian 11 vertical layers, variable resolution ~2.5o x 2.5o at mid-latitutes GCM-generated winds/precipitation, “typical” year Off-line chemistry—same scheme as ATMOS GCTM: Model Overview

  11. Deposition Budgets in 2 Models

  12. GCTM vs. ATMOS-N Global, Eulerian Regional, Lagrangian Annual Wet HNO3 Deposition (meq/m2-yr)

  13. ATMOS-N vs. GCTM, at sites ATMOS OBS GFDL GCTM Both models too low in wet HNO3 deposition, but ATMOS lower.

  14. ATMOS-N vs. GCTM, [HNO3] Surface Free Trop. (~685 mb)

  15. Overall correct “ballpark” but… Wet HNO3 deposition too low vs. obs Disagreement greatest at “downwind” sites Upper Trop. NOx too low in summer Although GCTM is also too low in wet HNO3 deposition, ATMOS-N is lower Not enough lateral spreading Too much dry deposition … All trace back to the vertical transport in ATMOS-N… Summary: Model Evaluation

  16. China Impacts Winter Summer % wet HNO3 deposition due to fossil fuel emissions in China relative to all Asia fossil fuel emissions

  17. India Impacts Winter Summer

  18. Japan Impacts Winter Summer

  19. Transfer Matrix for HNO3 TO… FROM…

  20. Relative Nitrate Burden Total= Total S + Total NO3- (meq/m2/yr) % NO3-

  21. Summary: Regional Transfer of HNO3 • Significant Transfer within east Asia, and from India to west China • China contributes 18% to total nitrate deposition (wet + dry) in Japan, 46% to North Korea, 26% to South Korea • Most exchange in winter, when winds are stronger, precipitation less • NOx much more localized due to shorter lifetime • Nitrate contributes 30-50% of total acidification over much of Japan, but less than 20% over much of east China.

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