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FNAL 8 GeV SC linac / HINS Beam Dynamics Jean-Paul Carneiro FNAL Accelerator Physics Center

FNAL 8 GeV SC linac / HINS Beam Dynamics Jean-Paul Carneiro FNAL Accelerator Physics Center Peter N. Ostroumov, Brahim Mustapha ANL March 13 th , 2009. HINS / FNAL 8 GeV SC Linacs. ▪ FNAL 8 GeV SC linac : 1.56 E14 protons per cycle in the MI 10 Hz, 1 msec, 2 MW at 8 GeV. 325 MHz.

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FNAL 8 GeV SC linac / HINS Beam Dynamics Jean-Paul Carneiro FNAL Accelerator Physics Center

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  1. FNAL 8 GeV SC linac / HINS Beam Dynamics Jean-Paul Carneiro FNAL Accelerator Physics Center Peter N. Ostroumov, Brahim Mustapha ANL March 13th , 2009

  2. HINS / FNAL 8 GeV SC Linacs ▪ FNAL 8 GeV SC linac : 1.56E14 protons per cycle in the MI 10 Hz, 1 msec, 2 MW at 8 GeV 325 MHz 1300 MHz ~16 m ~10 MeV ~60 m ~120 MeV ~140 m ~420 MeV ~670 m ~8 GeV ~1.7 km ~8 GeV ▪ HINS linac ~ 35 m, ~ 60 MeV Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  3. Content ■ Lattice design of the FNAL 8 GeV linac • Design recipes for high-intensity linacs • Design and optimization of the FNAL 8 GeV lattice performed with TRACK by P. Ostroumov at ANL and benchmarked with ASTRA (DESY) by J.-P. Carneiro at FNAL ■ TRACK H-minus stripping simulations (gas, blackbody, EM force) • FNAL 8 GeV linac @ 2 MW ■ Work in Progress • New PTRACK (Parallel TRACK) simulations (865 M particles) (PTRACK runs on parallel on BlueGene Supercomputer @ ANL) • Implementation of diagnostic drifts in the HINS linac lattice Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  4. Lattice sections of the FNAL 8 GeV linac Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  5. Design Recipes for High-Intensity Linacs (F. Gerigk, Space Charge and Beam Halo in Proton Linacs, 2003) ■ The zero current phase advance of transverse and longitudinal oscillations should be kept below 90° per focusing period to avoid parametrically-excited instabilities at high current ■ The transverse and longitudinal wavenumbers kx0, ky0, kz0 must change adiabatically along the linac. This feature minimizes the potential for mismatches and helps assure a current independent lattice. Phase advance Focusing Period Length ■Avoid the n=1 parametric resonance between the transverse and longitudinal motion. It can be avoided by proper choice of operational tunes in the Kapchinskiy stability diagram. ■Avoid strong space charge resonances by selecting stable areas in the Hofmann’s stability chart ■Provide proper matching in the lattice transitions to avoid appreciable halo formation and emittance increase Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  6. Trans. and Long. Phase Advances (Zero Current) per Focusing Period ■ Transverse and longitudinal oscillations are kept below 90° in most of the focusing periods Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  7. Wavenumber(s) along the linac (Zero Current) ■kT0, kL0 adiabatic despite of many lattice transitions with different types of focusing and inter-cryostat spaces, cavity TTF. Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  8. Kapchinskiy stability diagram (Zero Current) (I. M. Kapchinskiy, Theory of resonance linear accelerators, 1985) n=1 parametric resonance O=TRACK x=ASTRA Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  9. Trans. & Long. Tune depression along the linac (45 mA) ■Moderate Trans. & Long. tune depression along the linac Wavenumber with SC Tune depression : Wavenumber without SC Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  10. Hofmann’s Chart for the FNAL 8 GeV linac 45 mA ■Avoid strong space-charge resonances Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  11. RMS emittance growth along the FNAL 8 GeV linac at 45 mA ■Main contribution from • MEBT, irregular lattice • Inter-cryostat drift space • Beam diagnostics • Lattice transition • Increase of focusing length • Long focusing periods in the S-ILC section • Beam matching is good but not perfect ■Emittance growth is low and acceptable for the HINS PD Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  12. Blackbody H-minus Stripping Simulations with TRACK • H stripping now in the beam dynamics simulation code TRACK (residual gas, black-body radiation, magnetic field) • Simulation on Fermi Grid (1E6 × 100 runs = statistics on 1E8 particles) Transfer line @ 300 K Transfer line @ 150 K 1 W/m limit Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  13. PTRACK simulations of the FNAL RFQ at 45 mA (BlueGene, ANL) • 1M • 10M • 100M • 865M 32768 processors ~ 5H30 Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  14. PTRACK Error simulations of the FNAL 8 GeV linac at 45 mA (100 seeds, 10M each, 4096 processors, 1H30, BlueGene, ANL) Beam Envelopes Beam Emittances Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  15. PTRACK Error simulations of the FNAL 8 GeV linac at 45 mA (100 seeds, 10M each, 4096 processors, 1H30, BlueGene, ANL) ■RF errors: all misalignments, 1 deg and 1%, rms Beam Losses (W/m) 1 W/m limit Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  16. HINS lattice with drifts (V. Scarpine / 19-FEB-09) MEBT – Option 1: Striplines WS (+100) WS (+100) 800? 200 Tor (+100) Tor (+100) Strip (0) Strip (0) Strip (0) Strip (0) Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  17. Comparison HINS lattice with drifts @ 45 mA / Project X @ 45 mA (Implementation of drifts in HINS lattice = Work in Progress) Trans. Emittance looks OK Long. Emittance needs more tuning Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

  18. Conclusion ■ New concept of pulsed H-minus/proton linac design has been developed • Fully SC above 10 MeV • Cost-effective design of the SC linac can provide acceptable beam quality for peak current ~45 mA ■ H-minus stripping simulations now available with PTRACK ■ Work in progress • High-statistics simulations of machine errors (100E6 × 100 = statistics on 1E10) show acceptable <0.1 W/m losses • Implementation of drifts in HINS lattice looks OK • Optimization of the lattice in high energy section • Include realistic LLRF model into parallel TRACK Jean-Paul Carneiro Meeting on HINS Beam Dynamics & Diagnostics, FNAL, March 13h, 2009

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