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Waves

Waves. Electromagnetic Spectrum. Range of electromagnetic radiation or light Amount of energy given off by atomic electrons Visible Light – middle of spectrum ROY G BIV. Electromagnetic Spectrum. Waves. Rhythmic disturbances that transmit Energy Information

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Waves

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  1. Waves

  2. Electromagnetic Spectrum • Range of electromagnetic radiation or light • Amount of energy given off by atomic electrons • Visible Light – middle of spectrum • ROY G BIV

  3. Electromagnetic Spectrum

  4. Waves • Rhythmic disturbances that transmit • Energy • Information • Waves are usually comprised of a • higher-energy state followed by a • lower-energy state • of a medium or an energy field

  5. Two kinds of waves • Classified by the motion of the medium compared to the motion of the wave • ACTUAL MEDIUM PARTICLES DO NOT MOVE!!!

  6. Two Kinds of Waves • Transverse (Sine) Waves • Medium particles move at right angles to the wave direction • Water waves, wind waves, EM waves (radio, light, X-Rays, etc.)

  7. Two kinds of waves • Longitudinal (Compression) Waves • Medium particles move in the same direction as the wave • Sound waves, certain earthquake waves, springs

  8. Which kind of wave vibrates in the same direction as the wave? • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Seismic Wave • Big Kahuna Wave

  9. Which of these can be transmitted by a wave? • Energy • Information • Particles • None of these

  10. What name is given to the material through which a wave travels? • Water • Air • Steel • Medium

  11. Which kind of wave vibrates at right angles to the wave? • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Seismic Wave • Big Kahuna Wave

  12. A wave is a • Motion on the ocean • Amber unit of grain • Non-verbal good-bye signal • Rhythmic disturbance

  13. Which of these is an example of Compression or Longitudinal waves? • Sound Waves • Water Waves • “The Wave” at Quest Field • None of these

  14. Which of these is an example of Transverse waves? • Sound Waves • Cymbals • Accordions • Ultraviolet Light

  15. PARTS OF A TRANSVERSE WAVE

  16. Parts of a Transverse Wave • The Normal or Rest Position • Represents the “undisturbed” medium • Crest • Point representing the highest energy of the wave • Trough • Point representing the lowest energy of the wave

  17. Properties of a Transverse Wave • Amplitude • Distance from the normal or rest position to the crest or trough • “Height” of the wave • Represents the amount of energy in the wave • Wavelength • Distance from one point on the wave to the same point on the next wave • Distance of ONE FULL CYCLE of the wave • Frequency • Number of waves that pass a point in a unit of time • Measured in Hertz (Hz) for waves per second

  18. Parts of a Longitudinal Wave • The Normal or Rest Position • Represents the “undisturbed” medium • Compression • Area representing the highest energy of the wave • Medium particles are pressed together, area of high energy • Rarefaction • Area representing the lowest energy of the wave • Medium particles are far apart, area of low energy

  19. Properties of a Longitudinal Wave • Amplitude • How “tightly compressed” particles of the wave are • Represents the amount of energy in the wave • Wavelength • Distance from one point on the wave to the same point on the next wave • Distance of ONE FULL CYCLE of the wave • Frequency • Number of waves that pass a point in a unit of time • Measured in Hertz (Hz) for waves per second

  20. Longitudinal Waves • Areas where the lines are close together is the same as the CREST in a transverse wave.

  21. Wave is the WORD! • Decibel – unit of sound intensity • Ultrasonic – above 20,000 hertz • Echolocation – using reflected waves to judge the size, shape, or location of an object • Supersonic – faster than the speed of sound • Vibration – cause of sound

  22. What is the lowest energy area of a longitudinal wave called? • Compression • Medium • Wavelength • Rarefaction

  23. What is the highest point of a transverse wave called? • Trough • Amplitude • Crest • Rest

  24. What is the lowest point of a transverse wave called? • Trough • Amplitude • Crest • Rest

  25. Which describes how often a wave point passes a particular location? • Compression • Frequency • Wavelength • Amplitude

  26. What is the horizontal line that represents an undisturbed medium? • Trough • Amplitude • Crest • Rest

  27. What is the highest energy area of a longitudinal wave called? • Compression • Medium • Wavelength • Rarefaction

  28. Which of these represents the amount of energy in a wave? • Trough • Amplitude • Crest • Rest

  29. What is the distance between one point of a wave to the same point on the next wave? • Compression • Medium • Wavelength • Rarefaction

  30. Other Wave Properties • Wavespeed • Velocity of a wave • Can depend on the medium • Sound travels faster through dense mediums, radio waves can’t penetrate rock Wavespeed = wavelength x frequency  =  x ƒ Wavespeed is usually in m/s when wavelength is in m and frequency is in Hz (1/s)

  31. More on Wavespeed • All EM waves travel at the Speed of Light • Symbol: c • Value: 186,282.6 miles per second • 299,792,458 m/s • This is currently the fastest speed in the Universe

  32. Watch for these conversions! 1m = 100000000 nm (nanometers) 1nm = 1.0 x 10-9 m Light vibrates in the nm and ångströmranges 1 m = 1000000000 Å 1 Å = 1.0 x 10-10 m

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