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Immune Escape of Tumors: Responses and Resistance Tumors In The Immune System

Immune Escape of Tumors: Responses and Resistance Tumors In The Immune System. Group : 6 Erona Wafaretta (115090100111008) Triesha Retno Astari (115090107111008). TUMOR. Tumor can means swelling or hardening of cell .

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Immune Escape of Tumors: Responses and Resistance Tumors In The Immune System

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  1. Immune Escape of Tumors: Responses and Resistance Tumors In The Immune System Group : 6 Erona Wafaretta (115090100111008) Triesha Retno Astari (115090107111008)

  2. TUMOR • Tumor can means swelling or hardening of cell . • Tumor is all kind of enlargement or harderer that formed from neoplasm and can causes of unnormality development . Cell will unnormality and can’t be coordinated , that will caused tumor in that cell and uncontroled poliferation.

  3. TUMOR

  4. Abnormality Situation

  5. Mechanism of Responses Immune

  6. TUMORS AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

  7. TUMORS AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM • Numerous tumor antigens have been identified that can be recognized by T cells. Some of these antigens are expressed exclusively by tumors and thus are called tumors pecific antigens. These antigens arise from mutations or translocations of normal cellular genes • The mutations may be involved directly in carcinogenesis. Another group of antigens are the tumor-associated antigens that are not only expressed by tumor cells, but are also expressed by other cells of the body.

  8. TUMORS AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

  9. TUMORS AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM • Natural killer (NK) cells of the innate immune system also play an important role in immune surveillance of tumors • NK cells kill MHC class I deficient cells a phenomenon that is part of the “missing self” hypothesis. The activity of NK cells is controlled by a balance of potentials (+/-) signals. Engagement of inhibitory receptors by MHC class I molecules blocks activation signals

  10. TUMOR IMMUNE ESCAPE MECHANISMS • Despite presentation of antigens by malignant cells and the presence of immune cells that could potentially react against these cells, in many cases the immune system does not get activated but “ignores” the tumor. • Growth of antigenic tumors in the presence of potent immune cells cannot be explained by immunological ignorance alone. A major goal of cancer immunotherapy is to generate an anti-tumor immune response

  11. TUMOR IMMUNE ESCAPE MECHANISMS

  12. Cell Tumor Resistance from Immune

  13. Healing for Tumor’s Patient

  14. Conclusions • Research in tumor immunology has provided a wealth of information about the interactions between tumors and the immune system. Many of these interactions are now not only known on a cellular, but also on a molecular level. • Despite this knowledge, cancer immunotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy still is not an established treatment in the clinic. Many approaches may fail because tumors use multiple mechanisms to become resistant to the immune system.

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