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Canada Chapter 5

Canada Chapter 5. Essential Questions-. What was the result of the interaction between the British and French in Canada? How did the French and English colonize Canada? How did life change for indigenous people in Canada when colonizers settled? What led Canada to independence?

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Canada Chapter 5

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  1. Canada Chapter 5

  2. Essential Questions- • What was the result of the interaction between the British and French in Canada? • How did the French and English colonize Canada? • How did life change for indigenous people in Canada when colonizers settled? • What led Canada to independence? • What 20thCentury events led to Quebec’s independence movement?

  3. Vocabulary • Francophone–People who live in Quebec and speak French as their first language • Separatist–People who wanted Quebec to break away from Canada in 1976 • Quiet Revolution –The separatists formed their own political party and took control of the Quebec government in 1960 • Referendum–An issue in which voters cast ballots for or against

  4. Cultural Exchange –An exchange of people, customs, language, etc between two countries. • Ethnic Group –A group of people within society that share physical and cultural characteristics.

  5. Dominion –A self governing nation under the control of Great Britain • Commonwealth–A self governing nation under the control of the US • Parliament–The national legislature of various countries especially that of the UK. • Prime Minister –the leader of Parliament.

  6. A History of Canada Colonization of Canada • The First Nations, or native people of Canada, are related to people who came from Asia about 12,000 years ago. • Came across the Bering Strait

  7. New France • Jacques Cartier from France explored up the St. Lawrence River. • Claimed the land for France. • Settlers were creating villages along the St. Lawrence River. Why? • They brought with them their culture: French laws, traditions, and religion.

  8. British Canada • The British colonized now present day New York State. • The British wanted to take over control of the fur trade because of the massive amounts of money the French were making from furs. • French and Indian War- Britain and France fought for the control of the Canadian territory and the fur trade. • The Treaty of Paris, a document written at the end of the stating the terms of victory and defeat, gave British control of all land east of the Mississippi River, except for two small islands. • The British allowed the French to stay in Quebec which became New France.

  9. Canadian Independence • British Loyalists moved to Canada when Britain lost the American Revolution. • Other loyalists moved to Quebec. As loyalists settled in Quebec, cultural differences began to affect their French dominated society. • Under the British Quebec Act, French Canadians were given the right to practice the Catholic religion and allowed French civil law. • The differences between the French and the British living in Canada led to a division of the country, British Upper Canada, and French Lower Canada.

  10. Canada Confederation • 1812 –During the War of 1812 the British and French worked together to keep Americans out of Canada. • 1837 –French Canadian Louis Papineau and British Canadian William MacKenzie lead a rebellion against British rule. Both rebellions were defeated.

  11. 1864 –Fearing more trouble, the British seek to keep peace in Canada. The leaders of each province: Ontario (upper), Quebec (lower), Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward, and New Brunswick meet to form a “dominion” called Canada • July 1, 1867 –The British Parliament accepts the Canadian plan. • Why was it a good idea to unify Canada?

  12. Quebec Independence Movement • Came about with the growing concern over the disappearance of French culture and its language in Quebec/Canada. • Coach book Lesson 10 • Write your answers down and we will go over them.

  13. 1960 –The Quiet Revolution. This was a period in Quebec’s history where the French people were looking for change in their government. The French people ran for office and won! They immediately started to change everything to French which upset the English speaking people in Quebec. This begins the bilingual movement. • 1976 –Some of the French Canadians (also known as Francophone's) have become separatists. They want to break Quebec away and form their own country. They have attempted to do this by referendum. It has been unsuccessful so far but they say it will continue. • 1982 –A new constitution is written recognizing French culture and freedom from Britain forming a constitutional monarchy. By constitution Canada is bilingual.

  14. Time Line 1713 –France and Britain’s first treaty 1754 –French and Indian War 1759 –Battle of Quebec 1763 –Treaty of Paris I 1783 –Treaty of Paris II 1812 –War of 1812 1837 –Canadian Revolution 1867 –British North American Act (Canadian Independence Day July 1) 1890 –Gold in the Yukon 1914 –WWI 1939 –WWII 1982 –New Canadian constitution

  15. Canada’s Government and Economic Impact

  16. Vocabulary • Fossil Fuel- Coal, petroleum, and natural gas. All of these fuels were formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. • Acid Rain- precipitation, containing relatively high concentrations of acid-forming chemicals • Clear-cut –Cutting down all the trees in an area • Tariff–taxes • Free Trade –the elimination of tariffs

  17. Industrialization –when you go from making things by hand to making things by machine. • Extraction –removal • Literacy –the ability to read and write • Timber –wood • Natural resources –A material source of wealth that occurs in a natural state and has value.

  18. Interdependent –An association between two or more things. • Trade Barriers- any regulation or policy that restricts international trade, esp. tariffs, quotas, etc. • NAFTA, FTAA- Trade organizations. Why are they important? • Import-to bring in (merchandise, commodities, workers, etc.) from a foreign country for use, sale, processing, reexport, or services. • Export- to ship goods to other countries or places for sale, exchange, etc. • Trade Bloc –A trade area formed by one or more trade agreements.

  19. Tariffs- taxes • Scarcity- shortness of supply, “there’s only so much of everything” • Poverty- having little or no money, goods, or support. • Command, Market, Mixed, Traditional- Different types of Economy • Entrepreneur- a person who create a new business, and takes risks using their own money. • Investment –RISK! • Human capital – the work an employee accomplishes • Capital Goods –goods used to produce consumer goods.

  20. Relationship with the U.S. • Canada and the US are partners in the environment. We have signed treaties to keep control of clear-cutting, acid rain and pollution of the waters that we share. • We also share economically. The St. Lawrence Seaway was a cooperative effort between the US and Canada to get goods through to the Atlantic Ocean. We are each others biggest trading partners. ¾ of Canada’s trade is with the US. We are interdependent. • 1989 -NAFTA

  21. St. Lawrence Seaway

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