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Chapter 18 Canada

Chapter 18 Canada. Section 1: Canada’s Major Regions. Main Idea Canada is a vast country with many landforms, climates, resources, and people. Terms Province Nunavut Indigenous Glacier Tundra Service Industry Overfishing. Canada History.

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Chapter 18 Canada

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  1. Chapter 18 Canada Section 1: Canada’s Major Regions

  2. Main Idea • Canada is a vast country with many landforms, climates, resources, and people Terms • Province • Nunavut • Indigenous • Glacier • Tundra • Service Industry • Overfishing

  3. Canada History • Vikings first landed on the Eastern Coast of Canada in 1000 AD

  4. Landforms and Climate • Canada is located North of the United States • The Canadian/US border is the longest undefended border in the world • People can cross peacefully • Canada is the 2nd largest country

  5. Landforms and Climate • Canada is made up of Provinces instead of states. • Provinces: regional political divisions • They also have 3 territories • The Newest Territory is Nunavut Which is home to Canada’s indigenous (or native) People.

  6. Landforms and Climate • 1000 years ago, Canada was covered with Glaciers • This is what carved the land and created many of the lakes in Canada

  7. Landforms and Climate • Canada’s Climate is cool or cold, in the North there is Tundra • The warmest part of Canada in in the Southwest Coast line

  8. Economy • Canada is similar to the United States • Fertile Soil • Industries • Skilled Workers • Service Industries are also important • Businesses that provide services to people instead of goods. Example: Banks, education

  9. Economy • Canada has a Free Market Economy • People start and run businesses (No Government) • However, the Canadian government provides health care for their citizens • The Government also regulates broadcasting, transportation, and electric companies

  10. Homework • Who were the first explorers to reach Canada, and when did they reach it. • What is a Province • What created the lakes in Canada? • Who controls a Free Market Economy • What does the Canadian Government regulate? (3 Examples)

  11. Economy • In 1992, the United States, Canada, and Mexico entered into NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement). • This allows free trade between all the countries in North America

  12. Industries Fishing • Main industry in Newfoundland and Maritime Provinces • These areas have been overfished, forcing the government to regulate how many fish can be caught

  13. Industries Manufacturing • Takes place mainly in the largest province of Quebec (Where almost ¼ of Canadians live) • Montreal is a major financial and industrial central in Canada • Ontario is the 2nd largest Province, but has the most people and wealth • More than half of production occurs here

  14. Industries Toronto, the capital of Ontario is Canada’s largest City The Capital of Canada is Ottawa

  15. Farming and Ranching • Farming and ranching are major economic activities in the Provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta. • The province of British Columbia has thick blankets of Forests. This is where a large amount of the world’s timber comes from

  16. Map Questions • What is the highest point on the elevation profile? • What is the elevation of the Canadian Shield? • True or False: All Landforms in Canada lie at an elevation greater than 1000 feet • How many mountain ranges are shown on the elevation profile? • How high in elevation are the Great Plains?

  17. Chapter 18: CanadaSection 2: The Canadians

  18. Canada • Like the Unites States, Canada is made up of many different cultures. Many of which are from European descent

  19. Canada’s History • Many Native Americans live thousands of years in Canada before the European Settlers arrived. • In 1500, both Britain and France claimed areas of Canada

  20. Canada’s History • The Cities of Quebec and Montreal were founded by France • France controlled the St. Lawrence River area for 230 Years • In 1763 Britain gained control of all of Canada

  21. From Colony To Nation • Canada was a Colony to Great Britain for 100 years • Colony: Over seas territory with ties to another country • In 1867, Canada became a nation known as the Dominion of Canada • Dominion: country that has its own government

  22. From Colony to Nation • The Canadian government allowed provinces and cities to keep the French language even though English is the national language. • Canada fought side by side with England in WWI & WWII • This support helped Canada gain their Full independence

  23. From Colony to Nation • In 1982, Canada peacefully won the right to change their constitution without British Control • The only British influence in Canada today is the British King or Queen still reigns as king or queen of Canada • This is only a ceremonial position (No Real Power)

  24. Canada’s Government • Canada has a Parliamentary Democracy • Voters elect representatives to Parliament (Equivalent to the U.S. Congress) • The Representatives elect the Prime Minister (The head of the Government) • Current Prime Minister Stephen Harper

  25. Bilingual Country • Both the French and the English languages are used throughout Canada • 1/3 of all Canadians have French Ancestors • 1/20 of Americans have French Ancestors • Quebec is the home to majority of the French Canadians

  26. Homework • What two countries claimed Canada in 1500 AD • When did Great Britain gain all control of Canada • What helped Canada gain full Independence from Great Britain? • What is the only British Influence in Canada today? • Explain how Canada elects a Prime Minister (Who do the People vote for, what do they do?)

  27. Bilingual Country • The people of Quebec refuse to give up their French language and Customs • This has made Canada a Bilingual Country (Two Official Languages) • Books, Government Documents and even traffic signs are printed in both Languages • Students learn to speak English and French

  28. Bilingual Country • French-speaking people have wanted Quebec to Secede (Withdraw) from Canada. • They want Quebec to become an independent country • They believe their French culture is not protected in an English speaking country

  29. Nunavut, a New Territory • The first people in Canada were Inuits and other Native Americans. • 1999, the government gave the territory of Nunavut to the Inuits. • Nunavut means “our land” in Inuit • The Inuit people use autonomy in this province • Autonomy: right to govern themselves

  30. Nunavut, A New Territory • Nunavut is almost 3 times the size of the state of Texas • Part of it lies in North America, the rest is made up of Hundred of Islands in the Arctic Ocean

  31. A growing Ethnic Diversity • Like the United States, Canada has opened its doors to many immigrants • In the 1960’s Canada welcomed a large amount of immigrants from Asia. Many of which live in Vancouver today • Religion is diverse as well. Majority of Canadians are Christian, but many practice Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam

  32. Food, Sports, and Recreation • The large amount of Immigrants has made the culture very diverse. • Canada plays a lot of the same sports that are played in the United States. • Hockey is the number one sport in Canada • Most sports are winter sports • Professional Football is becoming a very popular sport, but it is played during the summer

  33. Canada History

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