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Pilots & Weather Considerations

Federal Aviation Administration. Pilots & Weather Considerations. Pilots & Weather Considerations. 1. Downloaded from www.avhf.com. Pilots & Weather Considerations. Pilots & Weather Considerations. What this seminar isn’t Weather 101 How to read METARs. Weather Considerations.

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Pilots & Weather Considerations

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  1. Federal Aviation Administration Pilots & Weather Considerations Pilots & Weather Considerations 1 Downloaded from www.avhf.com

  2. Pilots & Weather Considerations

  3. Pilots & Weather Considerations • What this seminar isn’t • Weather 101 • How to read METARs

  4. Weather Considerations • Personal Rules to LIVE by • Bright Lines you don’t cross • Personal WX minima VFR/IFR • PAVE (pre-flight planning) • CARE (in-flight decision making)

  5. Weather Considerations • Establish weather criteria in the comfort of your own home when you don’t have a specific trip in mind • Recognize the difference between “legal” and “appropriate”

  6. Weather Considerations • Personal VFR Minimums • Ceiling • Visibility • Max X-Wind Component • Fuel Reserves (Day/Night)

  7. Weather Considerations • Personal IFR Minimums • Precision Approaches • Ceiling (above published mins) • Visibility (above published mins) • Non-Precision Approaches • Takeoff Minimums • Fuel Reserves • Freezing Level height above cruise alt

  8. PAVE During Pre-flight planning evaluate: • Pilot • Aircraft • enVironment • External Pressures

  9. PAVE In pre-flight planning the PAVE checklist reminds you to consider: • Pilot: Health (IMSAFE - Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Emotional state) qualifications, capabilities, currency, proficiency, IFR/VFR • Aircraft: Equipment, performance, load, fuel capacity, runway surface and length, operating ceiling, limitations

  10. PAVE The PAVE checklist continued: • EnVironment: Weather, personal minimums, terrain, over water, high altitude operations, airspace and NOTAMs • External Pressures: Expectant host, planned meeting, special event, passengers

  11. Elements in the PAVE checklist are cumulative. A major problem in any area is reason to cancel the flight but multiple minor problems in more than one area can also make delaying the flight a good idea. A single problem in any area should be a yellow flag to take notice but two or more problem areas should be a red flag to take action and change your plan.

  12. CARE In flight monitor changes in the PAVE criteria and consider: • Consequences • Alternatives • Reality • External Pressures

  13. CARE Once you’re airborne use the CARE checklist to stay on top of factors affecting the flight. • Consequences: Consider consequences of changing risk factors during the flight (Pilot, Aircraft, EnVironment, and External pressures) and the decisions you make regarding them. • Alternatives: Have a back up when you can’t continue as planned, remembering that your alternatives will decrease as the flight progresses and you burn the fuel that will allow you to take a different route or divert

  14. CARE The CARE checklist continued: • Reality: Maintain situational awareness and deal with the actual conditions, not what you hoped or planned would happen. Accept change and take proper action • External pressures: Other people or personal commitments cause goal oriented behavior at the expense of making good decisions.

  15. CARE As with the PAVE checklist, items in the CARE checklist are also cumulative. While a single major problem in any area can cause a complete change of plans, minor problems in two or more items of the CARE checklist should cause you to re-evaluate the situation and take appropriate action

  16. Weather Considerations The PAVE and CARE checklists are your virtual co-pilot, the challenging voice in the back of your head that causes you to evaluate each flight management decision you make and validate that decision against a personal standard rather than just winging it.

  17. Weather Considerations • Local Weather Stuff • Lingering Marine Layer • Santa Ana Winds • Turbulence • Mountain Wave • Low freezing levels • Snow & Ice away from home

  18. Weather Considerations • Would you be happy with the headline in tomorrow’s newspaper? • Would you do this with 100 paying passengers in the back?

  19. FAASafety.gov • Register at FAASafety.gov • Document your support for the program • Attend Safety Seminars • Green Stamps in the Bank • NASA Incident Reporting • Immunity for unintentional violations • 5 year clock • Must be able to document to be able to use

  20. Flying is not inherently dangerous, but to an even greater extent than the sea, it is terribly unforgiving of any carelessness, incapacity, or neglect. Thank you for attending.

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