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Agriculture & the Industrial Revolution

Agriculture & the Industrial Revolution. "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short". animal / human labor replaced with mechanized sources of power.

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Agriculture & the Industrial Revolution

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  1. Agriculture & the Industrial Revolution

  2. "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short"

  3. animal / human labor replaced with mechanized sources of power

  4. Physics, chemistry, and biology became tools to dissect, examine, and then reconstruct agricultural systems to make them better than any that had previously existed on earth

  5. Inhabitants of the ever-expanding cities became increasingly dependent on the transport, preservation, and storage of food

  6. Four-field rotation

  7. Fencing of large tracts of land to produce more efficient units of production

  8. Intensive breeding for desirable traits could produce improved cattle, horses, and sheep

  9. Science gave plant breeders a clear understanding of how traits were controlled by genes on chromosomes, and how they could be altered by selective breeding Gregor Mendel

  10. Inventions transferred much of farm labor to machines

  11. Cotton gin by Eli Whitney (1793)

  12. Harvesting and threshing functions integrated into one machine: the combine

  13. Fertilizers indispensable in maintaining yields

  14. Labor released to city/factory

  15. Commercial revolution

  16. Consequences more lands brought under cultivation producing more food in greater quantities more cheaply cheaper at the market more & cheaper food means longer life expectancies esp. children distributed over wider geographic/demographic areas fewer people needed on farm Labor migration to city & factories

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