Friday, September 9, 2011

1. Friday, September 9, 2011 Agenda Bell Assignment Notes – Persian Empire/Persian Wars Making an Alliance – Delian League or Spartan Confederacy

2. Bell Assignment Read the article and find examples of the following values of Spartan society: Simplicity Leadership Courage Wisdom Public Spirit Harmony

3. Map Assignment On your map, complete the following: Label the Nile River, Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, and Indus River Label the Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf Place a “G” in the area for Greece Color in the Persian Empire

4. Persian Wars Ch. 2 Section 4/Chapter 5 Section 3

5. Persian Empire In 539 B.C., the Babylonian Empire was defeated and taken over by Persian armies led by Cyrus the Great. Cyrus the Great became the first ruler of the Persian empire. Cyrus and his successors went on to conquer one of the largest empires in history. The Persian empire stretched from Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) to India

6. Persian Empire

7. Persian Empire • In general, Persian kings were very tolerant. They respected the customs and religious traditions of the diverse cultures of the Persian empire. • Ex. Jews were freed from Babylon and allowed to worship freely after the Persians conquered the Babylonian empire.

8. Persian Empire One of the most notable rulers of the Persian empire is Darius. Darius ruled the Persian empire from 522 B.C. to 486 B.C. During his reign, he unified the Persian empire.

9. Emperor Darius

10. Unification of the Persian Empire • Darius unified the Persian empire in several ways: • He divided the empire into provinces headed by a governor called a satrap. • Special official called the “Eyes and Ears of the King” visited each province to check on the satraps. • He created a single code of law similar to the Code of Hammurabi. • He had new roads built to improve transportation and communication. • He encouraged the development of a money economy, along with a single coinage system.

11. Persepolis

12. Persian Empire

13. Persian Wars Assignment As a group read each event and write 4 main points about each event. Please write in complete sentences!

14. Persian Wars • By 546 B.C., the Persians had conquered many of the Ionian city-states in Asia minor, along the Aegean Sea. • Many Ionians were unhappy because they were forced to pay taxes to the Persian Empire. • In 499 B.C., the Ionians rebelled against the Persian Empire. • The Ionians asked for help from Sparta, but Sparta refused. However, Athens provided support.

15. Ionian Rebellion

16. Battle of Marathon Because Athens provided support for the Ionian revolt. King Darius was determined to make Athens pay for assisting the Ionians. In 490 B.C., King Darius sent Persian forces to Marathon (a city near Athens) to began the conquest of Greece. Although the Persians had the advantage of more troops and resources, Athens was able to defeat the Persians at Marathon.

17. Battle of Marathon

18. Battle of Thermopylae Although the Persians lost the Battle of Marathon, Darius was determined to conquer Greece. However, before he could return to Greece he died. Thus, Xerxes (King Darius’ son) put together a large force to conquer Greece. Xerxes marched his troops from Asia minor to Greece, but was met in battle by a small group of Spartans at Thermopylae. Although the Spartans lost, they slowed down the Persians enough to give Athens time to prepare for battle.

19. Battle of Thermopylae

20. Battle of Salamis • Finally after years of fighting, the Athenian naval fleet defeats the Persians at the Battle of Salamis. • Themistocles, an Athenian general, led the warships into battle. He strategically surrounded the Persian naval fleet and sank the Persian ships with underwater battering rams.

21. Battle of Salamis

22. Impact of Persian War • Greeks consider themselves unique. • Athens gains more wealth and emerges as the most powerful city state. • Many city states began to form alliances to better protect themselves against another attack from Persia. • Ex. Delian League – Athens and Spartan Confederacy – Sparta.