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2011 Census : Migration Statistics for the West Midlands

2011 Census : Migration Statistics for the West Midlands. Anna Krausova The Migration Observatory. Migrant Health and Wellbeing in the West Midlands – a Workshop on Knowledge and Intelligence Sources Tuesday, 26th November 2013. The Census Data.

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2011 Census : Migration Statistics for the West Midlands

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  1. 2011 Census: Migration Statistics for the West Midlands Anna Krausova The Migration Observatory Migrant Health and Wellbeing in the West Midlands – a Workshop on Knowledge and Intelligence Sources Tuesday, 26th November 2013

  2. The Census Data • Census: the most complete source of information about the population • Data presented • England and Wales • Usual residents (12 months+ residence) • Country of birth and passports held • Age, gender, main language, English proficiency, economic activity and reported

  3. Census Limitations • Importance of other sources of information • Only conducted every 10 years • Limited number of questions • Still an estimate • Margin of error • Birmingham’s usually resident population (1,073,045), 95% probability the true value of the population lies somewhere between 1,053,623 and 1,092,467 persons

  4. 2011 Census: England and Wales • Total population = 56 million • 7% (3.7 million) increase since 2001 • Foreign-born = 7.5 million • 55% (2.1 million) of the total population increase in England and Wales due to increase in foreign-born residents • Foreign-born share of the population: 13% • up from 9% in 2001

  5. Migrants in the West Midlands: 2011

  6. Migrants in the West Midlands 1 • In 2011, the total usual resident population of the West Midlands stood at just over 5.6 million people • Just over 11% of those residents (629,973) were born outside of the UK • 49% were men and 51% were women • 41%were aged 20-39 years of age • 24% of the UK-born population were between 20 and 39 years old

  7. Migrants in the West Midlands 2

  8. West Midlands 2011: Migrant population 1 • Non-UK born residents • Nearly three quarters (72.1%) of the non-UK born population resided in the metropolitan county of West Midlands (which holds 49% of total population) • Top UA/district: Birmingham with 238,313 non-UK born residents in 2011 • 37.8% of all foreign-born residents of the region • Also highest population share: 22% of local population

  9. Country of birth and passport held 2

  10. West Midlands 2011: Migrant population 2 • Non-UK passports held • Birmingham also top locality: 105,445 residents with only a non-UK • 9.8% of the local population • 34% of all those with only a foreign passport resident in the region • Highest population share • Coventry: 12.8% of population holding a non-UK passport only

  11. West Midlands 2011: Migrant population 3 • Non-UK born short term residents • 15,311 non-UK born short term residents in the region (defined as staying between 3 and 12 months) • Again, top locality Birmingham: 5,063residents • 33% of all the non-UK born short term residents of the region

  12. Changes in the migrant population: 2001 - 2011

  13. Change: 2001-2011 • Largest numerical increase • Birmingham: 77,063 additional non-UK born residents • 161,150 in 2001 to 238,313 (48% increase) • Highest percentage increase in population numbers • Stoke-on-Trent: 131.5% • 8,948 in 2001 to 20,714 in 2011 • Highest percentage increase in population share • Stoke-on-Trent: 123.7% • 3.7% in 2001 to 8.3% in 2011

  14. Countries of birth: 2011

  15. Countries of birth • Countries of birth: • Indian-born the most numerous non-UK born group • 99,717 residents • followed by residents born in Pakistan (88,636), Poland (52,499), Ireland (42,173), and Jamaica (28,615) • Countries of birth and passports held • 49.8% held a UK passport • 45.6% held only a non-UK passport • 4.6% held no passport

  16. Top 10 foreign-born groups in 2011: Change 2001-2011 • Largest increase: Polish-born • +1,050% • 4,565 in 2001 to 52,499 in 2011 • Other increases of more that 100% • Zimbabwe: +355% • 2,655 in 2001 to 12,088 in 2011 • China: +250% • 3,866 in 2001 to 13,533 in 2011 • Decline • Irish-born: -22% • 54,298 in 2011 to 42,173 in 2011

  17. Regional distribution of non-UK born groups

  18. Economic activity by country of birth: 2011

  19. Economic activity by country of birth

  20. Economic activity: by country of birth

  21. Economic activity: non-UK born by UA/district

  22. Economic activity by local area: non-UK born 2011

  23. Main spoken language:2011

  24. Share of all those with non-English main language • Above 10% • 5% to 10% • Under 5%

  25. Main spoken language if not English 1 • 386,134residents of the West Midlands spoke a language other than English as their main language in 2011 • 7% of total population (above 3 years of age) • Main languages: • Panjabi: 17% • Polish: 13% • Urdu: 13% • Bengali: 6% (with Sylheti and Chatgaya) • Chinese languages: 5% (Mandarin, Cantonese and other Chinese languages)

  26. Main spoken language if not English 2 • English proficiency*: • 35% spoke English very well and 37% spoke English well • 23% reported not being able to speak English well (1.6% of all residents above the age of 3) • 5% reported they couldn’t speak English at all (0.4% of all residents above the age of 3) • Lower English proficiency compared to the whole of England and Wales • 72%could speak English very well or well • 79% for England and Wales† *Reported English proficiency of those who did not speak English as their main language †Of those who did not speak English (or English or Welsh in Wales) as their main language

  27. English proficiency and reported health: 2011

  28. General health by English proficiency 1 • Slightly higher reporting of poor health for those who do not speak English as their main language • Bad and Very bad health • English main language: 6.2% • English not main language: 7.3% • Wide variation in reported health based on English proficiency • Good and very good health • Can speak English very well: 90.2% • Cannot speak English: 43.3%

  29. General health by English proficiency 2

  30. General health by English proficiency: Age • ‘Good’ v. ‘Bad’ health • Good: Very good + good • Bad: Fair + bad + very bad • By age • As expected, higher reporting of bad health as age increases • However, the link between English proficiency and reported health maintained across age-groups • For each age group, reporting of bad health increases as proficiency in English decreases

  31. General health by English proficiency: Sex • By sex • Generally, women are more likely to report bad health • 22.2% of women v. 19.5% of men • Differences by age group: • Women have a higher reporting of bad health in all English proficiency categories but the ‘Non English: Can speak English very well’ category • More pronounced as English proficiency decreases • Non English: Cannot speak English • Bad health reported by 63.4% of women and 39.3% men

  32. Health by English proficiency: local areas 1 • Birmingham had the largest number of people with reported bad health & who couldn’t speak English very well or at all (non-proficient in English) • Estimated 21,108 residents • Highest in region as well as in England and Wales • Population share: 2.1%of usual residents aged 3 and above • Highest in the region, but not in the country • (Tower Hamlets – 4%)

  33. Health by English proficiency: local areas 2 • Share of non-proficient residents reporting bad health • Highest: • Walsall: 46.5% (2,898 out of 6,229 residents) • Lowest: • Herefordshire county: 9% (187 out of 1,981 residents)

  34. Finding out more about Census data

  35. The Migration Observatorywww.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk

  36. The Migration Observatorywww.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/projects/census

  37. West Midlands Census Profilemigrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/west-midlands-census-profile

  38. Census Resources • Census Project • www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/projects/census • News and Commentary • latest commentaries on migration news and policy developments • Data and Resources • Interactive Charts • Census charts • Create your own chart • Videos • Census results • About the census • Interactive Maps • Visualising Census data

  39. The Office for National Statisticswww.ons.gov.uk > Home > Guidance and Methodology > Census 2011

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