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The Upper Arm and Elbow

The Upper Arm and Elbow. Anatomy of the Upper Arm. Bones Humerus Radius Ulna. Ligaments of the Upper Arm and Elbow. Medial Collateral- Ulnar Lateral Collateral-Radial Annular Ligament Anterior Capsule. Muscles of the Upper Arm and Elbow. Biceps Brachii Brachialis Brachio Radialis

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The Upper Arm and Elbow

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  1. The Upper Arm and Elbow

  2. Anatomy of the Upper Arm • Bones • Humerus • Radius • Ulna

  3. Ligaments of the Upper Arm and Elbow • Medial Collateral- Ulnar • Lateral Collateral-Radial • Annular Ligament • Anterior Capsule

  4. Muscles of the Upper Arm and Elbow • Biceps Brachii • Brachialis • Brachio Radialis • Triceps • Flexors • Extensors • Pronator Teres • Supinator Teres

  5. Biceps Brachii • Inserts on Radial Tuberosity • Has two heads (Long and Short) • Supinates and Flexes theElbow

  6. Brachialis • Inserts on the radial Tuberosity • Flexes the elbow

  7. Brachio-Radialis • Origin on the distal lateral epicondyleto the styloid process of the distal radius. • Only muscle to go distal to distal • Elbow Flexor

  8. Triceps • 2 Jointed muscle with three heads of orgin • Long Head crosses the shoulder joint • Inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna • Assists in shoulder extension • Elbow extensor

  9. Flexor Group • Originate on the lateral epicondyle • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris • Flexor Carpi Radialis • Flexor Pollicis Longus • Palmaris Longus

  10. Other Muscles • Pronator Teres • Supinator Teres

  11. Injuries to Upper Arm and Elbow • Fractured Humeral Shaft • Medical Collateral Ligament Sprain • Avulsion of Medial Epicondyle • Traumatic Elbow • Olecranon Bursitis • Radial Humeral Bursitis • Tennis Elbow • Dislocated Elbow • Hyperexteded Elbow • Ulnar Nerve Contusion

  12. Humeral Shaft Fracture • Can Involve Brachial Artery • Volkmans Fx • Medical Emergency

  13. Medial Collateral Ligament Sprain • Injured by falling on out-stretched arm • Could also strain the flexor tendons

  14. Avulsion of Medial Epicondyle • Occurs in 9-14 year olds • “Little League Elbow” • May require surgical pinning

  15. Traumatic Elbow • “Pitchers Elbow” • Caused by bone hitting bone (radius/humerus) • Damages medial portion of the elbow

  16. Olecranon Bursitis • Can be injured by falling on elbow • Swelling is isolated and looks like a bubble

  17. Lateral Epicondylitis • Common name “tennis elbow” • Pain over the lateral epicondyle • Treatment is modalities, anti-inflammatories, elbow strap, cortizone injections.

  18. Dislocated Elbow • Difficult to reduce • Caused by landing on outstretched arm or getting hit • Ulna dislocates posteriorly • Gross Deformity • Medical Emergency

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