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Europe and the Wider World

Europe and the Wider World. Crusades, the East and Beyond?. Crusades. Key Terms. Seljuk Turks Council of Clermont Pope Urban II (r. 1088 – 1099) First Crusade (1096-1099) People’s Crusade Crusader Kingdoms Knights Templar (ca. 1129-1312) Second Crusade (1147-1149). Key Terms.

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Europe and the Wider World

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  1. Europe and the Wider World Crusades, the East and Beyond?

  2. Crusades

  3. Key Terms • Seljuk Turks • Council of Clermont • Pope Urban II (r. 1088 – 1099) • First Crusade (1096-1099) • People’s Crusade • Crusader Kingdoms • Knights Templar (ca. 1129-1312) • Second Crusade (1147-1149)

  4. Key Terms • Third Crusade (1187-1192) • Battle of Hattin (1187) • Salah-al-din (ca. 1138-1193) • Treaty of Jaffa (1192) • Fourth Crusade (1204) • Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204-1261)

  5. Byzantine Empire under Siege Compare the Byzantine Empire in 526, to the Empire in 1081 after the disastrous Battle of Manzikert in 1071

  6. Spurious? Letter from Alexius I Komnenus to Count Robert of Flanders (ca. 1095) The holy places they desecrate and destroy in numberless ways, and they threaten them with worse treatment. And who does not lament over these things? Who has not compassion? Who is not horrified? Who does not pray? For almost the entire land from Jerusalem to Greece, and the whole of Greece with its upper regions, which are Cappadocia Minor, Cappadocia Major, Phrygia, Bithynia, Lesser Phrygia (i.e. the Troad), Pontus, Galatia, Lydia, Pamphylia, Isauria, Lycia, and the principal islands Chios and Mytilene, and many other regions and islands which we cannot even enumerate, as far as Thrace, have already been invaded by them, and now almost nothing remains except Constantinople, which they are threatening to snatch aware from us very soon, unless the aid of God and the faithful Latin Christians should reach us speedily.

  7. Council of Clermont (1095)

  8. Map of First Crusade

  9. Crusaders States

  10. Pilgrimage

  11. Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204-1261)

  12. Krak des cheveliers

  13. Crusades Outcomes

  14. Key Terms • IbnRushd (Averroës) (ca 1126-1198) • Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) • Astrolabe • Leonardo Fibonacci • Liber abacci

  15. Roman vs Arabic numerals • MCCCXLVI / IV • MMMM (M) /VII • How does one divide these?

  16. Item sivolueritdividere 9000 per 7, ponat 7 sub primo zephyro, et dividat 9 per7, exibit 1 et remanent 2: ponat ergo 1 sub 9 et 2 desuper, quibuscopulatis cum 0, quod estsecus 9, faciunt 20 quedividat per 7, exibunt 2 et remanent 6: ponat 2 sub illozephyro, et 6 desuper, quibuscopulatis cum sequentizephyro, faciunt 60 quedividat per 7, exibunt 8 et remanent 4: ponat 8 sub illozephyro 0, et desuper ponat4, quibuscopulatis cum zephyroprimigradus, faciunt 40, quedividat per 7, exibunt5, et remanent 5: ponat 5 sub ipso 0 et remanentia 5 ponat super virgulam de 7 ex parte descripta, et ante ipsamponatnumerumexeuntem ex divisione.

  17. Trés Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (e 15th c)

  18. Opicinus de Canistris world map, 1296 - 1300

  19. The East

  20. Key Terms • Genghis Khan (1162-1227) • John of Plano (ca. 1180-1252) • Güyük Khan (ca. 1202-1248, r. 1246-1248) • Karakorum • William of Rubruck (ca. 1220-1293) • Marco Polo (2254-1324) • Il Milione • Kublai Khan (1215-1294, r. 1260-1294)

  21. William’s Travels

  22. Andreas Walsperger's world map, 1448

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