WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD

1. CULTURAL ISSUES WALES, EUROPE AND THE WORLD

2. What is culture? FAMILY Culture is something that a person learns from their ....................................... and surroundings, and is not ingrained in them from ............................ It does not have any biological connection because even if a person is brought up in a ............................ different from that in which they were born, they take on the culture of the ………………. where they grow up. It is also not a hidden fact that some people feel the need to follow the beliefs and traditions of their own culture, even though they might be not subscribing to certain ideologies within. BIRTH CULTURE SOCIETY

3. What is culture? LEARN Culture is a complex tool which every individual has to .....................................to survive in a society. It is the means through which people ....................................... with others in the society. It acts in a subconscious way and whatever we see and perceive, seems to be .................................. and natural. Sometimes, other societies and people seem to be a little odd because they have a ..................................... culture from ours. We must remember that every society has a distinct culture that forms the ..............................of the society. Culture does not remain stagnant; on the other hand it is evolving Constantly and is in fact somewhat influenced by the other .............................. and societies. INTERACT NORMAL DIFFERENT BACKBONE CULTURES

4. What is culture? Every society has a different culture, where people share a specific language, ..........................................., behaviours, perceptions and ......................................... Culture gives them an identity which makes them unique and different from people of other cultures. When people of different cultures .................................. and settle in another society, the culture of that society becomes the dominant culture and those of the immigrants form the subculture of the community. Usually, people who settle in other nations take on the new culture, while at the same time strive to ........................... their own. TRADITIONS BELIEFS MIGRATE PRESERVE

5. What is culture? Although every society has a specific culture, there are certain elements of culture that are common. They are known as cultural universals, in which there are certain behavioural traits and patterns that are shared by all cultures around the .................................. For instance, classifying relations based on blood relations and marriage , differentiating between ............................. and ................................, having some form of art, use of jewellery, classifying people according to gender and age, etc., are common in all cultures of the world. WORLD GOOD BAD

6. What is culture? HUMANS Some people believe that .................................. are the only living beings who have a culture. But, there is a group of people who believe in the existence of culture even in ................................... It is said that they have certain social rules which they teach their young ones as a medium for survival.Culture is necessary to establish an order and ................................... in the society. It is not only a means of ........................................ between people, but also creates a feeling of belonging and togetherness among people in the society. ANIMALS DISCIPLINE COMMUNICATION

7. COMUTER EXERCISE – OPTION 1 – GLOBAL CINDERELLA Click on the pictures to read the original version Click on the picture to read Cinderella stories from around the world

8. COMpUTER EXERCISE – OPTION 2 Cultures of wales, europe and the world • Produce a PowerPoint presentation, Movie or Information booklet/leaflet with the title ‘Cultures of Wales, Europe and the World’. • The bare minimum that you will need to consider are the cultures of Wales, one country in Europe and one outside of Europe to help cover each element in the title. However to effectively complete this task you will need to study a range of countries on a global scale. • Hint: Look back at the first two pages of this booklet to help refresh your memory on what makes a culture. Try to include information on each component in your presentation, movie or leaflet.

9. Welsh culture i) In the National Eisteddfod, the highest prize is awarded for a poem in strict metre. What is this prize? a) A shield b) £2000 c) A cup d) A chair ii) Written poetry in the Welsh language has been around for how long? a) Since the 14th Century AD b) Since the 10th Century AD c) Since the 5th Century AD d) Since the 1st Century AD iii) What is particular about the traditional Welsh harp? a) It has four pedals b) It has three parallel sets of strings c) It is played with a bow d) Wales doesn’t have a traditional harp

10. Welsh culture • iv) Many Welsh place names begin with the prefix 'Llan', as in Llanelli, Llanbynmair and Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantisiliogogogoch. What does 'Llan' mean? • a) Church b) Town c) Farm d) Castle • v) Who was the mediaeval Welsh poet who is often thought of as the Welsh Shakespeare, but whose most famous poems are beautiful, strict metre bawdy romps? • a) Saunders Lewis b) Dafydd ap Gwilym c) Dylan Thomas d) Gwenallt • vi) Much of the modern confidence in the Welsh language has been attributed to the establishment of S4C. What is it? • A pressure group b) A record company c) A television station • d) A Government agency

11. Welsh culture • vii) A major youth movement was established in the 1920's to develop leisure activities, cultural events and educational experiences for young people in the Welsh language. It is now one of the largest membership organisations of its kind in Europe. What is it called? • Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg b) Urdd Gobaith Cymru • c) Plaid Cymru d) Bwrdd yr Iaith • viii) Approximately what percentage of the people of Wales speak Welsh? • a) 28 b) 19 c) 11 d) 48 • ix) Which monarch passed the Act of Union that stated that the Welsh language should be 'utterly extirpated' (should cease to exist)? • a) Henry VIII b) John c) George III d) Victoria

12. Welsh culture • x) John Davies, Gwyn Alf Williams, Glanmor Williams and David Williams have all written significant books on what? • The Geography of Wales b) Welsh Musical Tradition • c) Welsh History d) Welsh Poetry • xi)Which of the following is the title of the Welsh National Anthem? • a) Calon Lan (Pure Heart) b) Hen Wlad fy Nhadau (ancient land of my forebears) • c) Terynasoedd Y Ddaear (Ye Kingdoms And Nations) d) Ar Hyd Y Nos (All Through The Night) • xii) What country in South America has the largest Welsh contingent? • a) Brazil b) Argentina c) Venezuela d)Chile

13. Welsh culture • xiii) Which King in England built a long-running earthen 'dyke' throughout most of the border of Wales in an attempt to keep the Welsh in Wales and prevent them from raiding England? • a) King Offa b) King Alfred c) William of Hastings d) King Edward I • xiv) Which of the following were most commonly mined in Wales and at one time made Wales the highest producer of these natural resources? • a) Coal and Slate b) Coal and Gold c) Gold and Amber d) Slate and Amber • xv) Which of the following famous led a rebellion against the English Rule that started in 1400? • Owain Glyndw b) Llywelyn the Great c) Owain Gwynedd • d) Llywelyn ap Gruffydd

14. Welsh culture – cardiff • i) Which famous children's author grew up in Cardiff? • a) J.K. Rowling b) Elinor M Brent-Dyer c) Enid Blyton d) Roald Dahl • ii) Which famous comedian's parents were married in Cardiff? • a) Robin Williams b) Bob Hope c) Tommy Cooper d) Eddie Murphy • iii) Cardiff was the first UK city to be twinned with a city in which country? • China b) Indonesia c) France d) Poland • iv) Cardiff is Europe's youngest capital city. In which year did it become a capital? • a) 1975 b) 1990 c) 1955 d) 1930

15. Welsh culture – cardiff • v) Cardiff has the record for the oldest shop of which kind? • a) Bakery b) Sweet c) Record d) Grocers • vi) Which famous actor/actress graduated from the Welsh College of Music and Drama? • Dame Helen Mirren b) Sir Michael Caine c) Dame Judy Dench • d) Sir Anthony Hopkins • vii) Which two cartoon characters were created in Cardiff? • a) Bagpuss and Troy Tempest b) Postman Pat and Tellytubbies • c) Rupert Bear and Danger Mouse d) Super Ted and Fireman Sam

16. Welsh culture – cardiff • viii) Which of the following singers hails from Cardiff? • a) Tom Jones b) Shirley Bassey c) Robbie Williams d) Dido • ix) Which well-known soprano hails from Cardiff? • a) Maria Callas b) Tony Soprano c) Charlotte Church d) Dame Kiri Te Kanawa • x) The first British news film ever recorded took place in Cardiff. What was filmed? • Sunbathers on a Penarth beach • b) The Queen attending the opening of Cardiff University • c) The Prince and Princess of Wales visiting an exhibition • d) The Eisteddfod

17. british culture Since November 2005, "Life in the UK Test" is a mandatory exam for all candidates for British citizenship. Since 2007, it is also required for those who wish to apply for an Indefinite Leave to Remain, or permanent residency in the United Kingdom. The test is based on the manual called "Life in the United Kingdom: A Journey to Citizenship - 2nd Edition". The only testable chapters are 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The official questions are not published and their distribution is punishable by law. Candidates have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions and you are only allowed 6 mistakes. Why not try the official test by clicking on the link below: http://www.ukcitizenshiptest.co.uk/

18. BRITISH culture Alternatively attempt the unofficial test based on the life in the UK handbook in your cultural issues booklets: i) Life in the UK says to be British means you should... A: "Respect laws, the elected political structures, traditional values of mutual tolerance and respect for rights and mutual concern." B: "Share in the history and culture of an island nation with a character moulded by many different peoples over more than two thousand years." C: "be part of a modern European democracy, one with a tradition of sharing our ways with the world and allowing the world to bring its ways to us." ii) Almost 60m people live in the UK. By what factor do the native-born English outnumber their Scots or Welsh neighbours? A: By nine to one B: By seven to one C: By six to one iii) “The origins of our Parliament were in the early Middle Ages. In 1215 the great barons forced rights from a tyrannical King John”. What is that document called? A: The Mappa Mundi B: The Magna Carta C: The Bill of Rights

19. British culture iv) When did all 18-year-olds get the vote? A: 1918 B: 1928 C: 1969 v) There are four national saints' days in the UK, one for each nation. Which order do they fall in the calendar? A: St Andrews, St Patrick's, St David's and St George's B: St David's, St Patrick's, St George's and St Andrews C: St George's, St Patrick's, St Andrews and St David's vi) According to Life in the UK, where does Father Christmas come from? A: Lapland B: Iceland C: The North Pole vii) According to the book, where does the myth of Father Christmas come from? A: The Victorians B: Pagan myths updated by Shakespeare C: German/Swedish immigrants to the USA

20. british culture viii) Life in the UK explains what to do if you spill someone's pint in the pub (we’re not making this up). What, according to the book, usually happens next? A: You would offer to buy the person another pint B: You would offer to dry their wet shirt with your own C: You may need to prepare for a fight in the car park ix) You've unfortunately had a fight and are bleeding from a well-placed left hook. Which two telephone numbers can you call for an ambulance? A: 999 or 112 B: 999 or 111 C: 999 or any other digit three times x) What or who is PG (again, according to the guide)? A: One of the brand names for the national British drink, tea B: A Personal Guide, a British-born mentor provided to each immigrant applying for nationality C: Part of the cinema film classification system

21. british culture xi) The British are a nation of animal lovers, says Life in the UK. What must dog owners do? A: Get a licence B: Get the dog neutered C: Get a collar with the owner's name and address xii) Back to the pub. The police turn up with the ambulance and an officer asks you to attend an interview at the station. What are your rights? A: You don't have to go if you are not arrested, but if you do go voluntarily you are free to leave at any time B: You must go. Failure to attend an interview is an arrestable offence C: You must go if you are a foreign national xiii) What's the minimum time you must have been married before you can divorce? A: Six months B: One year C: Two years

22. british culture xiv) And finally, what does Life in the UK tell you it is "very important" to do when engaging a solicitor? A: Ask if they have a potential conflict of interest B: Ensure they are qualified in the area of law of concern C: Find out how much they charge How did you do? 0-5: Seat in Heathrow arrivals 6-10: Seat on the local council 11-13: Seat in Parliament 14: Seat on the throne

23. British culture Q8. What are your thoughts on the citizenship test? Explain your response Q9a) What chapters would you include in the Life in the UK Handbook? Q9b) Select one of the chapters you suggested above and outline the information that you would include in this chapter. this chapter: • The Making of the UK • A Changing Society • UK Today – A Profile • How the UK is Governed • Every Day Needs • Employment

24. british culture Q10. What conditions do you think need to be satisfied before a foreign national can apply for UK citizenship? • Actual legal requirements – You can apply if you ............... • Are aged 18 or over when you apply • 2. Are of sound mind, so that you understand the step you are taking • 3. Intend to continue to live in the UK, or to continue in Crown service, the service of an international organisation of which the UK is a member or the service of a company or association established in the UK • 4. Can communicate in English (or Welsh or Scottish Gaelic) to an acceptable degree • 5. Have sufficient knowledge about life in the UK (citizenship test determines this) • 6. Are of good character • 7. Have lived in the UK for a minimum of 5 years before you apply.

25. Family fortunes what makes us british? 5,000 adults were asked to pick out the things - good and bad - they believe make British people unique: Typically British Traits STEP 1: In teams complete the table by attempting to guess the top 10 from all 5,000 surveyed. STEP 2: Find out where your selections came in the top 50 - this information will be provided by your teacher. STEP3: Write the actual position that each of your selections appeared in the top 50 in the score column in the table below. If your selection did not appear in the top 50 give yourself a score of 60. STEP 4: Add up your total score, the team with the lowest score wins.

26. TOP 50 'TYPICALLY BRITISH' TRAITS 1. Talking about the weather 2. Great at queuing 3. Sarcasm 4. Watching soaps 5. Getting drunk 6. A love of bargains 7. A love of curtain twitching 8. Stiff upper lip 9. Love of all television 10. Moaning 11. Obsession with class 12. Gossiping with neighbours over the garden fence 13. Obsession with the traffic 14. Enjoying other people's misfortune 15. Inability to complain 16. Love of cheap foreign holidays 17. Working long hours 18. A soothing cup of tea to ease worries 19. Eating meat and two veg. 20. Looking uncomfortable on the dance floor 21. Feeling uncomfortable when people talk about their emotions 22. Clever sense of humour 23. Obsession with property values 24. Pandering to political correctness 25. Road rage 26. Being unhappy with our weight 27. Wanting a good tan 28. Being proud of where we live 29. Not saying what we mean 30. The ability to laugh at ourselves

27. TOP 50 'TYPICALLY BRITISH' TRAITS 31. Washing the car on a Sunday 32. Taking the mickey out of others 33. Asking people about their journey 34. Inability not to comment on how other people bring up their children 35. Jealousy of wealth and success 36. Being overly polite 37. Texting instead of calling 38. An inability to express our emotions 39. Obsession with the Royal Family 40. Fondness for mowing the lawn 41. Love of rambling through the countryside 42. A love of all things deep fried 43. Emulating celebrity lifestyles 44. Leaving things to the last minute 45. Irony 46. Keeping our homes neat and tidy 47. Take decisions and accept the consequences 48. Achieving against all odds 49. Wanting our sportsmen / teams to fail 50. DIY on a Bank Holiday

28. British culture Q12. What does this clip tell us about British culture.

29. Cultures from around the world language Q13. Can you estimate the top 10 most spoken languages?

30. Cultures from around the world language Q14. How much do you know about the languages spoken in different countries? Attempt to complete the table below by guessing the main language spoken in the countries listed: German Luxembourgish Malay Spanish Bangla Spanish English Dutch Portuguese Punjabi English French Croatian Thai Arabic Turkish Finnish Vietnamese Hindi English

31. Same language – different terms Hood Band-aid Fries Ladybug Chips Tic Tac Toe Pants Checkers Sidewalk Sweater Cookie Pantyhose Jell-o Vest Jelly Sneakers Candy Suspenders Molasses Cotton Candy Closet Trunk Diaper

32. Same language – different terms Bonnet Resume Windshield Eggplant Freeway Zucchini Licence Plate Wrench Apartment Galoshes Faucet Fall Elevator Vacation Flashlight Tuxedo Soccer Turtleneck Realtor Cafeteria Eraser Cupcake

33. Welsh Terms Can you think of any terms used uniquely by English speaking Welsh people? Twp - thick, dopey, silly. Ewe are twp ewe are. Tump - lots of, a big pile of. I ad a tump of curry last night I did. Cwch - Under the stairs, cuddle. It’s in the cwch.  Give us a cwch babe. Pooer Dahb - Poor thing. Let me kiss it better... ahhh you pooer dahb. Mwchin - Pig. Uch you dutty mwchin Aesht - Shut up. Aesht mun. Dutty - Dirty. Uch U dutty mwchin. By yer - Here. Come by yer now. Goyin - Going. Wer u goyin? Buthere - There. Its over buthere mun! Dwt – Small. He’s only a Dwt

34. Irish Terms Can you think of any terms used uniquely by English speaking Irish people? Banjaxed: Broken or unusable, usually by result of violent damage. Chance the arm: Give it a try. Chancer: An initiative-taking opportunist; a risk-taker. Craíc – fun or happenings. Deadly: Really good.referring to Feck: Exactly what you’re thinking. That’s right, just change the vowel. Grand: Good, of acceptable quality. You know yourself: “you understand,” or “it’s up to you.” Your man: The person to which I’m referring. Your one: A woman the speaker is pointedly referring to

35. Scottish Terms Can you think of any terms used uniquely by English speaking Scottish people? Auld - Old Aye - Yes Bairn - Baby Ben - Mountain Bonnie - Beautiful Dae - Do Dinnae - Don't Haver - Talk rubbish Hoose - House Tattie - Potato Willnae - Will not

36. cultural gestures 1. Hands on hips is a sign of hostility. 2. Patience is important. 3. Women (initiate the handshake) and men greeting with a warm and soft handshake. 4. With friends, men greet with the abrazo, a slight hug with a few pats on the back; women lightly hug and pretend to kiss the cheek. Clue 2: Largest Central American country Clue 3: National drink is tequila. MEXICO

37. cultural gestures • To make a toast, raise your glass (of red wine) and say "Salud". When finished eating, cross fork and knife in the middle of the plate. • 2. To raise a fist in the air with knuckles pointed outwards is an expression of victory. 3. It is rude to yawn in public. Always pour with the right hand, never the left. Never pour wine by grasping the neck of the bottle with the hand and rotating the hand backwards so that the palm turns upward. Hands on hips translate to hostility or challenge. An obscene male gesture is to slap the inside of the thigh near the groin. • 4. A warm handshake, and with friends, a light touch on the forearm or elbow. Clue 2: A South American Country with light blue on their flag Clue 3: The have a very Messi Football Team ARGENTINA

38. cultural gestures • To suggest that someone is stingy, tap the underside of the elbow with the fingers of the other hand. • Place the knife and fork horizontally across the plate when you are finished eating. • 3. Women hold forearms instead of shaking hands. Clue 2: A South American Country with yellow, Blue and Red on their flag COLUMBIA Clue 3: Shakira comes from this country

39. cultural gestures • Local people bathe many times a day and guests are also expected to. • 2. A rude gesture is to form a fist with the thumb protruding out between the index and middle finger. • 3. Fidgeting hands and feet are impolite. • 4. Like other Latin countries, men greet with the abrazo and women will kiss the cheek. Clue 2: A Central American Country made up of two names with Blue, Red and White on its flag Clue 3: COSTA RICA

40. cultural gestures • Remove shoes when entering a home or mosque. • 2. To signal to someone, put your hand out with your palm down, and curl your fingers in a scratching motion. • 3. The thumbs up sign is vulgar. • 4. To signal yes, dip your head down with a slight turn. • 5. To signal no, move your head up and back sharply. • 6. Shaking hands with a child shows respect toward the parents. Clue 2: A middle Eastern Country with the capital Tehran Clue 3: Take out the ‘Teh’ and I would be better than You. Iran

41. cultural gestures • Women are not allowed to drive. Avoid showing the sole of the shoe; it is considered the lowest and dirtiest part of the body. IT is not proper to expose bare shoulders, stomach, or legs. • 2. Holding hands or taking someone's elbow is a sign of respect and friendship. • 3. It is disrespectful to cross legs. To place the palm down, fingers spread, with your index finger bent down and pointing outward is to insult someone. • 4. Shaking the head from side to side means yes. • 5. By tipping the head backward and clicking the tongue, people signal no. Clue 2: Middle Eastern Country that built its wealth on Oil. Clue 3: Country made up of two names with green, white and a sword on its flag SAUDI ARABIA

42. cultural gestures • Right hand is designated for eating and the left for bodily hygiene. • 2. Often women will walk slightly behind the men. • 3. People smoke and public; it is polite to offer cigarettes to those near by. • 4. Do not eat everything on your plate when dining. Also, only eat finger food with the right hand. 5. It is rude to show the sole of your shoe. • 6. Handshakes are followed by a touch on the elbow. Clue 2: An African Country which receives many tourists. Clue 3: The sea is Red and the river is the longest in the world EGYPT

43. global gestures • Respect punctuality. • 2. Sometimes important guests are greeted with applause. • 3.Wink at children to signify them to leave the room. • 4. A vulgar sign is to hold the hand forward at shoulder or head level, with the fingers spread. Clue 2: An African Country with green and white on its flag. Clue 3: Lemar and Yakubu are from this country NIGERIA

44. cultural gestures 1. People stand extremely close when conversing. 2. Surprise is expressed with a quick and loud inhalation of air. Silence is respected. 3. Hosts will often refuse a gift many times before acceptance; this is proper. 4. The main guest always sits at the head of a table, with their back to the door, and the special guest always sits to the left of the host. 5. Greeting is usually just a slight nod and bow. Sometimes people will applaud; this should be responded with applause. Clue 2: Good luck finding a 20 year old brother or sister Clue 3: When dropped easily broken CHINA

45. cultural gestures • Before entering any sacred area, remove footwear. Address elders with the proper title. • 2. People grasp their earlobes to express remorse or honesty. Signal to something with either the chin or whole hand. To apologize, tap on someone's shoulder and then tap your own forehead. • 3. Women should never initiate the handshake; women will often shake hands with other women but not men. • 4. When greeting someone, say, Namaste and press palms together with fingers pointing upward. Clue 2: A place where Bambi may stay. Clue 3: you are one in more than a billion in this country INDIA

46. cultural gestures • Listening is a sign of politeness. • When you receive the business card from the Japanese host, be sure to examine it carefully and avoid quickly putting it away. Place it on the table in front of you for further reference. Hold your business card with both hands, grasping it between the thumbs and forefingers. Present it with the printing pointing towards the person to which you are giving the card, and bow slightly. Your host will accept the card with both hands; bow slightly and then read the card carefully. • 2. Waving a hand, palm outward, in front of your face conveys, I don’t understand or I don’t deserve this. Clue 2: More of a dot than a flag Clue 3: Electrical equipment renowned the world over for its quality JAPAN

47. cultural gestures • When entering a home, do not step on the doorsill. • When passing in front of a person, especially an elder, lower the upper body. • 3. It is rude to put your arm behind someone's chair or to pat his or her back. • 4. The traditional greeting is to place hands in a prayer position with your head slightly bowed; this is called the Wai. The higher your hands, the more respect shown. Clue 2: Its capital city is Bangkok Clue 3: Green curry – No shirt would be complete without a person from this country. THAILAND

48. cultural gestures • It is proper for men to cross their legs; it is considered unfeminine for women to. • 2. Stretch your arm out, with your palm downward, and make a scratching motion toward your body with the fingers to beckon for someone. • 3. The ok sign is obscene. • 4. Men and women always shake hands. • 5. Both men and women use the abrazo to greet; women may accompany that with a check kiss. Clue 2: Madrid is the Capital City Clue 2:World Champions in Football 2010 SPAIN

49. cultural gestures • Make a puffing noise though pursed lips to accept a compliment. • People smile when they are happy or sad. • When men think women are pretty, they will stroke their chins with a finger. • 4. The ok sign is vulgar. 5. There is often pushing and shoving in lines. • 6. Tilt your head to your left and right sides to say yes. • 7. Either by slightly nodding your head upward or lifting your eyebrows upward, signals no. Clue 2: Famous for holding the first Olympics Clue 3: A Musical GREECE

50. cultural gestures • Eye contact is important. When men converse with women, they remove their hat. • The male guest of honour sits to the left of the hostess, and the female guest of honour sits to the right of the host. • To make a toast, lift your glass and say, Skoal; the host always makes the first toast. • When leaving a home, wait to put on our coat after your have stepped outside the door. 4. Men greet women by tipping their hat. Clue 2: Think about the value of shares and where you live to work out the capital city of this Scandinavian country Clue 3: Add an ‘n’ to a root vegetable SWEDEN