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Skeletal Muscle – Common Features

Skeletal Muscle – Common Features. Most have the following features: Nervous control – we can control muscle action Contractility – muscles can contract Extensibility – muscles can stretch under force. Skeletal Muscle – Common Features. Elasticity – can return to their original size

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Skeletal Muscle – Common Features

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  1. Skeletal Muscle – Common Features Most have the following features: • Nervous control – we can control muscle action • Contractility – muscles can contract • Extensibility – muscles can stretch under force

  2. Skeletal Muscle – Common Features • Elasticity – can return to their original size • Atrophy – will decrease in size (waste away) when not used • Hypertrophy – will increase in size (grow) in response to exercise

  3. Muscle Fibre Arrangement • Organised in different ways depending on shape and function • Three main types: • Fusiform • Pennate • Radiate

  4. Fusiform Muscles • Run the length of the muscle body • Are designed for mobility • Generate a low amount of force • Example: • Biceps brachii

  5. Pennate Muscles • Fibres in pennate muscles run at angles to the tendons • Not as mobile as fusiform muscles • Can generate much more force though

  6. Pennate Muscles • Unipennate– fibres are found on only one side of a central tendon (ie: semimembranosus) • Bipennate – fibres run off either side of a central tendon (rectus femoris) • Multipennate – fibres branch out everywhere off several tendons (deltoid). This is the strongest type

  7. Structure of Skeletal Muscle Starting right in the middle of a muscle: • Each muscle contains thousands of muscle fibres • Fibres run the length of the muscle • Each fibre is covered in Endomysium, which helps the fibres bind into bundles

  8. Structure of Skeletal Muscle • These bundles of fibres are called Fasciculi • Fasciculi then also bind together in bigger bundles, surrounded by a connective tissue called Perimysium

  9. Structure of Skeletal Muscle • Finally, the outer layer of skeletal muscle is covered in another connective tissue called epimysium. • Epimysium thickens towards the end of the muscle to form the tendon.

  10. A bundle of fibres together is a Fasciculi, surrounded by Perimysium This is one muscle fibre, surrounded by Endomysium

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