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Open oceans science in the GEF Chris O’Brien FAO. GEF International Waters Science Conference 2012. Bangkok, Thailand – 24 to 26 September 2012. 5. Open ocean. 200 m. 10,000 m. Wikipedia. Open ocean: a history of open access . and multiple threats. Maritime shipping.
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Open oceans science in the GEF Chris O’Brien FAO GEF International Waters Science Conference 2012 Bangkok, Thailand – 24 to 26 September 2012
200 m 10,000 m Wikipedia
Open ocean: a history of open access and multiple threats Maritime shipping Plastics in the food chain Ocean fertilization Physical and chemical changes in ocean waters Marine debris and pollution IUU Fishing Extraction of hydrocarbons and mineral exploration Overfishing of highly migratory species
ISA ICP IOC-UNESCO UNGA UN-Oceans FAO, UNEP, UNDP UNDOALOS IUCN IMO Rachael Koch
LMEs ISA ICP RFB / RFMOs Seascapes IOC-UNESCO UNGA UN-Oceans FAO, UNEP, UNDP UNDOALOS IUCN IMO PERSGA, OSPAR, CTI Regional Seas
LMEs CCRF CITES ISA ICP RFB / RFMOs GESAMP Seascapes IOC-UNESCO UNGA CBD MARPOL UN-Oceans UNCLOS FAO, UNEP, UNDP UNDOALOS CMS IMO PERSGA, OSPAR, CTI IUCN. WWF IUCN Regional Seas
Open ocean science NOAA
Open ocean science • Oceanography • Climate • Fisheries • Seabed mining • Biodiversity • Ecosystem research NOAA
The GEF open ocean science activities: • are few • answer governance questions • support other initiatives
GEF open ocean science activities: • species inventories • modelling ecosystems • oceanography • productivity
The open ocean science activities: Global sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation in the areas beyond national jurisdiction • basic ecological and biological data collection (incl bycatch) • risk assessments of critical habitats • technological development of electronic compliance techniques and bycatch mitigation • social and economic analyses
The open ocean science activities: Nothing is ‘off the table’ (if it answers a management question)
The open ocean science activities: Nothing is ‘off the table’ (if it answers a management question) but high cost of ocean research and long term commitments may limit GEF participation
IW Science Instructions: • Give a synthesis of the science • Best practice examples • Reflect on portfolio performance and highlight key persistent and emerging issues
IW Science Instructions: key persistent and emerging issues • climate change, acidification and atmospheric change • life history, ecology and conservation of transboundary stocks • multiple stressors, tipping points and resilience of coupled social ecological systems.
Emerging issues Its not about the type of the science ! Its about dry issues: • ensure the ProDoc and TDAs science is comprehensive and interpreted correctly (scientific rigour) • better coordinate and integrate the scientific activities of the different agencies involved • improve the communication of scientific outputs to policymakers and managers • Ensure essential information is collected analysed and used (ocean indicators)
Emerging issues • Adjust administration to encourage: • focal area funds to be combined • Contracts with ‘other’ bodies • support to agencies that undertake the required/desired programmes of work • beneficiaries to fund indicators science as part of their cofinancing
Major science needs: improving understanding of critical natural processes effective governance
LMEs CCRF CITES ISA ICP RFB / RFMOs GESAMP Seascapes IOC-UNESCO UNGA CBD MARPOL UN-Oceans UNCLOS FAO, UNEP, UNDP UNDOALOS CMS IMO PERSGA, OSPAR, CTI IUCN. WWF IUCN Regional Seas