LIVING ORGANISMS AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS

1. LIVING ORGANISMS AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS CLASS VI

2. ORGANISM-LIVING CREATURE • LIVING ORGANISMS ARE FOUND EVERYWHERE ON EARTH

3. HABITAT • THE NATURAL LIVING PLACE OF AN ORGANISM IS ITS HABITAT. • AN ORGANISM DEPENDS ON ITS HABITAT FOR FOOD, WATER, AIR, SHELTER etc. • SEVERAL KINDS OF ORGANISMS ARE FOUND IN A HABITAT.

4. ADAPTATION • THE PRESENCE OF SPECIAL FEATURES IN OR CERTAIN HABITS WHICH ENABLE A PLANT OR AN ANIMAL TO LIVE IN ITS SURROUNDINGS IS CALLED ITS ADAPTATION.

5. I. TERRESTRIAL HABITAT • IF THE HABITAT IS LAND, IT IS CALLED TERRESTRIAL HABITAT. • EXAMPLES-DESERT,FOREST, GRASSLAND, MOUNTAINS etc.

6. 1.DESERT

7. DESERT PLANTS AGAVE CACTUS DATE PALM

8. DESERT PLANTSADAPTATIONS OF DESERT PLANTS • 1. LEAVES ARE ABSENT/ REDUCED OR MODIFIED INTO SPINES --TO REDUCE WATER LOSS BY TRANSPIRATION

9. ADAPTATIONS OF DESERT PLANTS • 2. STEM IS GREEN AND DOES PHOTOSYNTHESIS • 3.STEM STORES WATER, SO IT IS THICK AND FLESHY

10. 4.DEEP ROOT SYSTEM TO COLLECT MAXIMUM WATER FROM DEEP SOIL

11. 5.THICK WAXY LAYER ON STEM PREVENTS WATER LOSS

12. ADAPTATION IN DESERT ANIMALS • 1.CAMEL HAS LONG LEGS TO KEEP THE BODY AWAY FROM HOT SAND. • 2. IT STORES FOOD AS FAT IN ITS HUMP. • 3. IT CAN STORE WATER IN ITS BODY.

13. 4. HOOFS OF A CAMEL WELL SUITED FOR WALKING ON SAND • 5. LONG EYELASHES • TO PREVENT SAND FROM • FALLING INTO THE EYES

14. SOME ANIMALS REMAIN IN BURROWS DURING THE DAY & COMES OUT DURING NIGHT

15. DESERT ANIMALS IN BURROWS

16. 2.MOUNTAIN REGIONS • 1.MOUNTAIN TREES GROW IN CONICAL PATTERN WITH SLOPPING BRANCHES – HELPS SNOW TO SLIDE DOWN.

17. 2. THEY HAVE NEEDLE SHAPED LEAVES-HELPS WATER AND SNOW TO SLIDE DOWN

18. ANIMALS IN MOUNTAIN REGION • 1.A SNOW LEOPARD IS WHITE IN COLOUR –CAN HIDE IN THE ENVIRONMENT. • 2.THICK FUR –TO PROTECT FROM COLD • 3.CLAWS TO PREVENT SLIPPING ON THE SURFACE OF SNOW

19. MOUNTAIN GOAT • 1.THICK WHITE FUR • 2.STRONG HOOFS FOR RUNNING UP THE ROCKY SLOPES.

20. YAK • LONG THICH FUR OF YAK PROTECT IT FROM SEVERE COLD IN THE WINTER

21. 3. GRASS LANDS LION • 1.LIGHT BROWN COLOUR- HELPS TO HIDE IN GRASS LAND • 2.LONG CLAWS WHICH CAN BE WITHDRAWN INSIDE. • 3.BOTH THE EYES INFRONT OF THE HEAD-GIVES CORRECT IDEA ABOUT THE LOCATION OF THE PREY

22. DEER • 1. CAN RUN FASTER—TO ESCAPE FROM THE PREDATORS. • 2.STRONG TEETH –CHEWING HARD STEM. • 3.LONG EARS –TO HEAR THE MOVEMENTS OF PREDATORS. • 4. EYES AT THE SIDE OF HEAD ALLOWS TO LOOK IN ALL DIRECTIONS FOR DANGER

23. PREDATOR & PREY • A PREDATOR EATS THE PREY. • THE HUNTER IS THE PREDATOR • THE ONE WHO IS HUNTED BY THE PREDATOR IS THE PREY

24. II.AQUATIC HABITAT - OCEAN

25. AQUATIC ANIMALS • 1.STREAMLINED [BOAT SHAPED] BODY.-FOR EASY MOVEMENT IN WATER • 2.GILLS FOR RESPIRATION • 3.BODY IS PROTECTED BY SCALES GILLS

26. BLOW HOLES • DOLPHINS AND WHALES HAVE NOSTRILS TO BREATHE AIR FROM ATMOSPHERECALLED BLOWHOLES

27. PONDS AND LAKES

28. WATER PLANTS • SOME HAVE ROOTS FIXED IN THE SOIL • G VALLISNARIA LOTUS

29. SOME ARE FLOATING SALVINIA WATER HYACINTH PISTIA

30. IN VALLISNARIA, THE RIBBON SHAPED LEAVES CAN BEND IN WATER TO PREVENT UPROOTING

31. STEM OF LOTUS IS HOLLOW ,LONG AND LIGHT. • LEAVES ARE DISC SHAPED. • LEAVES AND FLOWERS FLOAT ON WATER. • LEAVES HAVE WAXY COATING TO PREVENT WATER STAGNATION

32. LEAF STALK IS FILLED WITH AIR TO HELP FLOATING

33. SOME ARE SUBMERGED-HYDRILLA PLANT

34. FROGS • CAN BREATHE IN WATER AND LAND. • WEBBED FEET TO SWIM IN WATER. • STRONG BACK LEG TO TAKE LONG LEAPS. • STICKY TONGUE TO CATCH INSECTS

35. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS • 1. ALL LIVING THINGS NEED FOOD . FOOD IS THE SOURCE OF ENERGY

36. 2.LIVING THINGS GROW

37. 3.LIVING THINGS RESPIRE BOTH PLANS AND ANIMALS DO RESPIRATION. DURING RESPIRATION, OXYGEN IS USED AND CARBONDIOXIDE IS RELEASED.

38. 4.LIVING THING RESPOND TO STIMULI • INSECTS LIKE COKROACH, MOVE AWAY FROM LIGHT. • SOME INSECTS ARE ATTRACTED BY LIGHT.

39. PLANTS TOO RESPOND TO LIGHT • SOME FLOWERS LIKE WATER LILY BLOOMS AT NIGHT. • LOTUS BLOOMS IN DAY LIGHT. LEAVES OF A TOUCH ME NOT PLANT DROOPS WHEN TOUCHED.