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Managing Resources. A resource is a natural product used by man. Key words. Renewable has a definite lifespan Non-renewable heat from beneath the surface Finite can be used and replaced Fossil fuels energy from the sun Geothermal once used cannot be replaced
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Managing Resources A resource is a natural product used by man.
Key words • Renewable has a definite lifespan • Non-renewable heat from beneath the surface • Finite can be used and replaced • Fossil fuels energy from the sun • Geothermal once used cannot be replaced • Solar natural fuel such as wood or dung • Biomass can be supported in an area • Global warming looking after resources • Greenhouse effect formed from dead organisms • Sustainable re-using resources • Recycling rise of earth’s average temperature • Management linked to increased emissions
Oil Coal Natural gas Firewood HEP Nuclear Others Energy Sources Try to visualise which fuels the segments represent. Sources of Energy (World) N What have the named segments in common? OIL What have the un-named segments in common? GAS What comparison would you make between the proportion of non-renewable and renewable fuels used? COAL
Energy consumption by continent 45 40 35 30 25 % 20 15 10 5 0 Asia Africa Europe N America S America Australasia Who uses the world’s energy? Note: the figures show totals used per continent not per person. Which 2 continents use most? How would you describe them? Why is the consumption of Australasia so low? Why is the consumption of Africa so low? Why is the consumption of Asia so misleading? What is the link between energy consumption and economic development?
Comparing LEDC & MEDC Global energy use is set to rise by 50% in next 20 years. 75% of world population but only use 20% of world’s energy. 25% of world population but use 80% of world’s energy. Population growing quickly. Population growing slowly. Rarely have good reserves of energy, often rely on biomass. Have access to or can afford to buy energy often from LEDC. What impact on demand will the growing population have? Use 35 times as much energy per person as a person in India.
Traditional biomass HEP Modern biomass Solar Geothermal Wind Renewable resources Try to guess what these sources might be. Which of these resources require special equipment? Which of these resources are most likely to be in daily use in LEDC? What do you think prevents the development of renewable resources in LEDC and in MEDC?
Evidence that the earth is becoming warmer; increase in average global temperature of 0.6 C in last 100 years, ice samples in Antarctica show more CO2 and methane in them, glaciers are becoming smaller and the frequency of drought and tropical storms has increased. Some heat escapes Sun’s energy Some heat trapped Atmosphere CO2 CO2 Methane Global Warming – causes. Burning 5 billion tonnes of fossil fuels per year (power stations, factories, homes, cars). Deforestation in tropical rainforests decreases the number of trees available to convert CO2 into O2. Methane from cattle, rice fields and rubbish dumps. Note US government refused to reduce emissions as living standards would fall.
The Energy Debate What are the issues? • Non-renewable resources are limited. Many renewable resources are not yet fully developed. • Energy demand is set to rise by 50% by 2020. • Renewable energy sources are more expensive to develop than present fossil fuels. • MEDC use much more energy than LEDC per person. LEDC will demand more energy as they develop. • Burning fossil fuels releases chemicals into the atmosphere leading to global warming, climate change and acid rain. Emissions! Strategies for Reducing Emissions Population control Changes to lifestyle More efficient technology New technology Fewer journeys Stricter controls Burn fewer fossil fuels Develop more renewable resources
Levelised energy costs for different generation technologies in Australian dollars per megawatt hour (2006)
Carbon tax Debate in Australia Australia On February 24, 2011, Australian Federal government announced a framework to implement a Carbon Tax from July 1 2012. It is set to be implemented over 3-5 year period upon which it will switch to a cap and trade system. The price has not been set but various proposals have been discussed in the recent past, such as $23/t and $26/t.
Geothermal Power - Iceland Blue Lagoon, Iceland Power Station, Iceland Hothouse flowers Iceland is situated over the mid-Atlantic ridge, volcanoes and lava flows are common. Geothermal energy is available over most of the country. It provides about 50% of the country’s total primary energy supply. 86% of all houses heated with geothermal water +100 public swimming pools. 183,000 m2 of greenhouses and 105,000 m2 of soil heating. 50 fish farms + seaweed processing plant + snow melting.
