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SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT

SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT. Support Systems in Animals. Support system in humans and animals is called SKELETON or SKELETAL SYSTEM. FUNCTIONS OF ENDOSKELETON. FUNCTIONS OF EXOSKELETON. HUMAN SUPPORT SYSTEM. Animal support system. Support System of Land Vertebrate Animals.

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SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT

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  1. SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT

  2. Support Systems in Animals • Support system in humans and animalsiscalledSKELETON or SKELETAL SYSTEM

  3. FUNCTIONS OF ENDOSKELETON

  4. FUNCTIONS OF EXOSKELETON

  5. HUMAN SUPPORT SYSTEM

  6. Animalsupport system

  7. Support System of Land Vertebrate Animals • Entire weight is supported by its endoskeleton. • Skeletal system : bigger and stronger than that of the aquatic animal vertebrate system. • Big land animals : Strong and big Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles to support their body weight • Four-legged animals : Backbone either curveupwards or downwards. Enables backbone to withstand any heavy load acting on the animal.

  8. Support System of Land Vertebrate Animals Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle

  9. Support System of Land Vertebrate Animals • Birds : Have hollow bones and air spaces inside so that the body is lighter. • Advantages of hollow bones : • Lighter • Requires less calcium and phosphorous for its formation.

  10. Support System of Aquatic Vertebrate Animals • Examples : Whales, dolphins • Smaller and lighter endoskeleton than land vertebrates. • Pectoral and pelvic support that is smaller and lighter. • Most of body weight is supported by buoyancy of the water.

  11. Support System of Aquatic Vertebrate Animals • The buoyancy of the water allows the size of the aquatic vertebrate animals to be bigger than that of land vertebrate animals.

  12. COMPARISON OF THE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN LAND AND AQUATIC VERTEBRATES

  13. COMPARISON OF THE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN LAND AND AQUATIC VERTEBRATES

  14. SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR INVERTEBRATES • Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone. • Its body is supported by : • External skeletal system (exoskeleton) • Body fluids (hydrostatic skeletons)

  15. EXOSKELETON OF INVERTEBRATES • Exoskeleton consists of a layer of hard skin or shell. • Examples of invertebrates with hard outer skin : • Crabs, spiders, prawns and scorpions. • Examples of invertebrates with hard shell : • Snails, mussels

  16. EXOSKELETON OF INVERTEBRATES For insects, the exoskeleton is called cuticle. Cuticle is made of chitin (hard and impermeable to water) Cuticle prevent the insects from growing.

  17. HYDROSTATIC SKELETONS OF INVERTEBRATES Leeches, worms and octopus do not have exoskeleton. Their bodies are soft. Use the body fluid (also known as hydrostatic skeleton system) as support system. The body fluids exert a pressure on their body walls to form a hydrostatic skeleton.

  18. COMPARISON OF THE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN LAND AND AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES

  19. COMPARISON OF THE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN LAND AND AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES

  20. “That’s all, kids! Use this as an enhancement material or review notes for the upcoming MIDTERM exam in Science.” There is another slideshow on SUPPORT SYSTEM in PLANTS in our blogsite.

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