Geography of Canada Unit 5

1. Geography of CanadaUnit 5 Canada’s Global Connections 1. The World Community 2. Canada’s International Relationship 3. Canada’s Foreign Trade

2. 1. The World Community • Global Village • Newly Industrialising Country • Developed Country • GDP per Capita • Developing Country A. Definitions Global Village - Global village describes how electronic mass media collapse space and time barriers in human communication, enabling people to interact and live on a global scale. In this sense, the globe has been turned into a village by the electronic mass media.

3. Gross Domestic Product per Capita • Defined as the total value of final goods and services produced within a territory during a specified period divided by its population. • The major advantages to using GDP per capita as an indicator of standard of living are that it is measured frequently, widely and consistently. • GDP is available for practically every country in the world. It allows for the crude comparisons between the standard of living in different countries to be compared.

4. Gross Domestic Product per Capita

5. B Grouping Counties • The value of a country’s economy is often measured using GDP per capita. Social development is measured by comparing such factors as how long people live, what kind of health care they receive and what educational levels they reach. Using these two measures – social and economic – countries are often grouped into the three following groups:

6. B Grouping Counties • 1. Developed Countries • A Developed Country is a country with a highly developed economy. Its citizens have high incomes, abundant food, good housing and can afford many luxuries. • Developed Countries enjoy a relatively high standard of living through a strong high-technology diversified economy. Most countries with a high per capita gross domestic product (GDP) are considered developed countries. • Examples include Canada, the USA, Germany and Great Britain

8. B Grouping Counties • 2. Newly Industrialising Countries • These are countries in the transition stage between developing and developed countries. The economies of these countries usually grow quite rapidly. • Examples include India, China and South Korea

10. B Grouping Counties • 3. Developing Countries • A Developing Country is a country with a poorly developed economy; its citizens have low incomes, shortages of food, poor housing and cannot afford luxuries. • A developing country is a country with a low income average, a relatively undeveloped infrastructure and a poor human development index when compared to the global norm. • Examples include Haiti, Sierra Leone, and Bangladesh.

12. C. Quantitative Identifiers • 1. Life expectancy is the most likely number of years remaining for a living being (or the average for a class of living beings) of a given age to live. There are great variations in life expectancy world-wide, mostly caused by differences in public health, medicine and nutrition from country to country. - Classical Greece, 28 - Classical Rome, 28 - Medieval England, 33 - 1800's End of 18th Century, 37 • 1900's Early 20th Century, 50 • 1940's , 65 - 2000's Current(in the West), 77-81

13. How long a country’s people can live is an indicator of development of a country’s health care system and social system Life Expectancy

14. C. Quantitative Identifiers • 2. Wealth • Wealth usually refers to money and property. It is the abundance of objects of value and also the state of having accumulated these objects. • The eradication of poverty in the world could imply a progress for world - civilization that makes everyone better off than before in the long term, because given the actual circumstances a globalised civilisation that jointly contributes to common goals in an organised world would make new dimensions of progress even possible.

15. Wealth: GDP Per Capita • The value of a countries economy is often measured using Gross Domestic product (GDP) per capita • This is the total value of the goods and services a country produces per year per person

16. Development=Decrease in population growth rate Why? Women start to have control over the number of children the have (Family Planning, Birth Control) Families do not feel the need to have large families to support them in their old age (we now have pensions and and effective health care) Population Growth Natural Increase

17. The amount of food energy needed varies per country Development indicators look at the number of people that are undernourished based on the food energy needed per country Food Supply

18. Education= improvements in social and economic development We look at literacy levels If literacy levels are higher information about health care and other things can be spread faster Education Level

19. An effective health care system is an indicator a countries level of development We look at number of doctors per person Health Care

21. WORK TIME Making Connections Page 443-444 # 1,3b,5,6

22. 2. Canada's International Relationship Terms Foreign Aid Multinational Corporation Globalisation Non-Governmental Organisation A. Canada's Diplomatic Links Despite the differences in wealth, culture, language and nationality, the people of the world share only one planet. The Twentieth Century was one that saw the world go to war twice and remain in conflict in dozens of smaller wars. Much of the world has also experienced poverty and environmental damage. Canada has been a leader in the effort to find ways to avoid such problems and to and the damage that occurs as a result of them.

23. Canada’s Diplomatic Links • 1. The United Nations • The United Nations, or UN, is an international organisation established in 1945. The UN describes itself as a "global association of governments facilitating co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity

24. Canada’s Diplomatic Links • 2. NATO NATO is an international organisation for defence collaboration established in 1949, in support of the North Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, D.C., on April 4, 1949. Its headquarters are located in Brussels, Belgium

26. Canada’s Diplomatic Links • 3. NORAD North American Aerospace DefenceCommand. It is a joint United States and Canadian organisation which provides aerospace warning and aerospace control for North America, and was founded on May 12, 1958

27. Canada’s Diplomatic Links 4. The British Commonwealth of Nations • The Commonwealth, is an association of independent sovereign states, almost all of which are former territories of the British Empire. The primary activities of the Commonwealth are designed to create an atmosphere of economic co-operation between member nations, as well as the promotion of democracy, human rights, and good governance in them.

29. 5. Foreign Aid • Canadians contribute funds, material, knowledge and skills to help those in need develop their incomes, food supply, literacy levels, health care and life expectancy. Canadians give aid through both governmental (CIDA, UNICEF) and non-governmental (World Vision Foster Parent Plan) agencies.

31. Foreign Aid • CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency) follows four major principals in its operations: 1. Social development - CIDA has supported programs relating directly to the treatment of STDs in third-world countries. It also cites basic education and child protection as priorities in the social development of countries that it aids. 2. Economic well-being 3. Environmental sustainability 4. Governance - CIDA strives for human rights, democracy, and good governance. They support gender equality, and funds programs that benefit women directly.

32. Work • Complete the Humanitarian Aid worksheet