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North Korea

North Korea. A Brief History. Formation. August 9, 1945- Soviet Military Occupies Northern Korea What important event was wrapping up? WWII- War in the Pacific 38 th parallel Plan: 3 year trusteeship- Soviet Union North/ United States South. Kim Il- Sung.

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North Korea

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  1. North Korea A Brief History

  2. Formation • August 9, 1945- Soviet Military Occupies Northern Korea • What important event was wrapping up? • WWII- War in the Pacific • 38th parallel • Plan: 3 year trusteeship- Soviet Union North/ United States South

  3. Kim Il- Sung • Returns to North Korea August 1945 • After 26 years in exile in China • Est. the Korean Peoples Army • Aligned with Communist party • Using S.U. advisers and equipment

  4. 1948 • U.N- supposed to hold elections to reunite Korea • S.U- Communist • U.S- anti- communist • New Plan by 1949 • South Korea declared: Republic of Korea • North Korea: The Democratic People Republic of Korea- Kim as premier

  5. Communist Dictatorship • 1949- 90% of industry under state control • 1958- all major farming carried out collectively • Focus was on building military, not industrialization

  6. Korean War 1950-1953 • 1949- U.S had withdrawn mostly from S.Korea • 1949- Kim sought backing of S.U and China to unit Korea • Stalin rejected at first but changed with china • Why hesitate? • Mao Zedong promised troops and military support • 2 ½ year stalemate on 38th parallel • Result?

  7. Post- War • S.U and China assisted in rebuilding • Kim practiced Stalinism and Cult of Personality • What is the Cult of Personality? • Relations with S.U weakened • Extremist actions: • Elevated status of Marx, Lenin, Hitler, Mao, Stalin • Rewrite history • 30,000 imprisoned for trivial offenses

  8. North Korea Balancing • S.U and China • Lean toward China • WHY? • Eventually strained with both. • WHY? • Oct. 1964- PRC exploded first atomic bomb • Refused to give information and tech to N.Korea • S.U in 1963 refused to give N.Korea missiles

  9. 1964 • S.U – under new leadership gives $4.8 million in military aid • N.K leans toward China • Vietnam Opportunity in Late 1975 • Vietnam war is heating up, wants to invade S.Korea again • China and S.U say NO

  10. Economic Trouble • Not self sufficient • No consumer goods • Little to no reforms • U.S.S.R falls in 1991 • China only major ally left

  11. Survival • 26 million people • 2003- 13million suffered from malnutrition • 2001- received $300 million in aid from U.S, Japan, S. Korea, and U.N. • Illegal emigration to China • 1997 has increased • Sent back and killed, tortured, or sent to reeducation camp

  12. Present Day • China tried to mentor • 2004 invested $200million dollars • Trying to help them enter economy to market forces

  13. Threat • Why? • Weapons • Economic need • Cult of Personality • Censorship • Fear

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