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Thirty Meter Space Telescope (TMST) Conceptual Mechanical Design Development J.Budinoff/544

Thirty Meter Space Telescope (TMST) Conceptual Mechanical Design Development J.Budinoff/544 March 2007. PRE-IDC EELV Concept. EELV class packaging How do we do this? Can we? Will they laugh?. █ = advantage. TMST Launch Packaging Trade. Conclusion: Pursue Optimal Packaging Approach

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Thirty Meter Space Telescope (TMST) Conceptual Mechanical Design Development J.Budinoff/544

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  1. Thirty Meter Space Telescope (TMST) Conceptual Mechanical Design Development J.Budinoff/544 March 2007

  2. PRE-IDC EELV Concept • EELV class packaging • How do we do this? Can we? Will they laugh?

  3. █ = advantage TMST Launch Packaging Trade • Conclusion: Pursue Optimal Packaging Approach • Minimizes required fairing volume & launch mass, and take the orbital assembly efficiency hit • Higher packing efficiency minimizes FSE “inert” mass

  4. Concentric Circles Diameter 37.5m 966 1m segments with 50mm min gap 68% fill factor Isogrid Diameter 41.8m 1014 1m segments with 200mm min gap 58% fill factor Mirror Segment Map

  5. Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA) Side View

  6. OTA structure

  7. OTA Truss Structures

  8. Looking up the inside of the metering tower from the primary to the secondary

  9. F2 Gregorian Observatory Layout 45 degree FOR

  10. 1m lasercomm Early Assembly Solar Panel 3m HGA Main Solar Array Radiators

  11. Launch Manifest • TMUST can be broken into 10 Delta IV/Atlas V (EELV-class) launch packages

  12. EELV Launch Kits 10 ISIM 01 Bus 08 Edge Panels & cables 02 Solar Array & Shield 03 Mirror & Met. Truss 04 Mirror & Met. Truss 05 Mirror & Met. Truss 06 Mirror & Met. Truss 07 Mirror & Met. Truss 09 Edge Panels & 2ndry

  13. Kit 1 Bus • Bus structure • Deployable Radiators • Deployable Solar Array • 3m HGA • 1m Lasercomm gimballed telescope • Propulsion

  14. Kit 2 Sunshield, Main Solar Array • Mated to bus • Able mast deploys sunshield & main solar array using bus power • Thermal Isolation interface • Backplane Edge Panels

  15. Kit 3-7 Mirror & Metering Truss Stacks • Mirror segment groups pre-integrated onto backplanes • Backplanes “puzzle-piece” together to form complete mirror/backplane. • Mirror/backplanes thickest in center ring, thinnest at edge ring • Mirror/Backplane segments may be removed (from the back) for servicing • Metering Truss bay frames and beams stored at intermediate site until backplane hub assembled. • Metering truss built from backplane hub

  16. Kit 8 Backplane Edge Panels & Cables • Panels closeout edges of backplane • Allow backplane to maintain stiffness if mirror/backplane pieces removed for servicing • Cable rigging assemblies allow agents to run tie-down cables from backplane to metering truss

  17. Kit 9 Backplane Edge Short Panels & Secondary Mirror Assembly • Delta IV Medium Fairing • Brings remaining Short Edge Closeout panels • first short panels brought in kit 2 • Integrated secondary mirror assembly placed at end of metering truss

  18. Kit 10 Aft Optics & Science Instrument • Aft Optics, Focal Plane, Guider Optics, Science Instruments • Agent serviceable

  19. IDC Concept • EELV or notional large launch vehicles • Develop observatory bus concept (IMDC) • Further detail the OTA (ISAL)

  20. Gregorian 70.012-mm pixels, f/2 Primary; BFD=3000-mm 932554 GREGORIAN 60000 Optimized by ZEMAX System Focal Length: 932554 Primary Focal Length: 60000 Primary Vertex Radius: 120000 cc=k = -1 for paraboloid: ¯1 -0.9994331 Focal Plane Radius: 4315.9622861 Back Focal Distance: 3000 Focal Plane Conic Constant: -1.1152303 Secondary Magnification: 15.5425666666667 Secondary Focal Length: 4332.1101043603 Ellipsoid Focus Distance: 31500 Ellipsoid Major Axis: 35832.1101043603 cc = k = -Eccentricity*2: ¯0.772816417814355 -0.7793285 Ellipsoid eccentricity : 0.879099776939088 eccentricity: 0.879099776939088 origin to focus (c): 31500 focus to focus dist (2c): 63000 conic constant (k=-e*2): ¯0.772816417814355 major axis (a): 35832.1101043603 vertex to vertex dist (2a): 71664.2202087206 focus to vertex (a-c): 4332.11010436031 minor axis (b): 17078.9377459782 | Vertex Radius| (R): 8140.46713077902 Vertex to Second Focus: 67332.1101043603

  21. Optimized Gregorian 70.012-mm pixels, f/2 Primary; BFD=3000-mm 10 0 30 20 40 50 60 70 -90 ARC-SEC 90 80

  22. Segmented 35.0 m Monolithic 30 m Circles in Radially Uniform Rings

  23. 32.2m effective diameter 15% surplus collecting area over 30m 37m actual diameter 60m primary to secondary spacing ~44m Dia Hexagonal Sunshield Tension preload provided by outrigger cables Sunshield & outriggers achored aft of isolation stage Core metering ring ISIM attached to ring .86m optical backplane truss 3.5m Support Truss 2 Layers Truss members composite with aluminum end fittings/nodes Isolation stage Active thermal and mechanical isolator LM DFP or similar active isolation ISIM Accommodates 4 axial instruments Integral install / remove slides, similar to drawers to simplify change out operations Requires interface truss to allow ISIM drawers to slide aft Overview

  24. TMST Initial Instrument Suite • 4-6 instruments reside in a JWAT/ISIM-like instrument bay, analogous to HST axial instrument bay. • Instruments designed for robotic changeout • Conjectural 5 instrument suite considered: • Full Nyquist Sampled High Resolution Camera • Multi-Filter High Resolution Camera • Wide Field Half-Nyquist Sampled Camera • High Resolution Spectrograph • STIS-like Instrument • Echelle Component • Multi-Object Spectrograph

  25. OTA Details Isolation Structure Secondary & Baffle Interface Truss Backplane Truss 3 Spider Vanes Metering Tower 42.8m ISIM & Metering Ring 2 layer support Truss

  26. Isolation Structure OTA Structure Secondary & Baffle Interface Truss ISIM & Metering Ring Mirror Segments 3 Spider Vanes 2 layer support Truss Metering Tower 42.8m Backplane Truss

  27. Alternating Rings of Spacers (purple) and Mirror Truss (white) Backplane cable anchor

  28. 1st OTA mode = 7.1 Hz (without cables)

  29. Sunshield Outrigger Booms Tension cables Rigid Aperture Frame & Masts support a blanket sunshield… Similar to a tent Shield anchors aft of isolation structure

  30. OA dimensions w/ sunshield 80 m 92 m 140 m

  31. Mirror Segment Deployed height, 148mm • 1037 1m Segments • 15% can be non-op • 15 Rings, 10mm min gap, 73% FF Stowed height, 115mm Mirror Truss

  32. 6 DOF Segment Detail 1m Dia Mirror x 50mm thick Ebox XY Actuator Composite Tray locks into triangular truss Mirror Tripod Leg with flexural interfaces

  33. 30 mm pallet mounts 8 mirrors & backplane truss elements All supporting hardware for backplane truss assembly to mount the mirrors on 4.5 x 0.18 m (can fit 67 into a D4 heavy fairing) Stackable Requires external edge support beams Mass TBD All primary mirror segments & complete backplane truss (1st layer) can fit in 2 EELV 22.4m fairings Harnessed for survival heaters, data Pallet acts as parts caddy when de-stacked and attached to assembly robot Mirror/Backplane Pallet 1m mirror w/ cover Backplane truss elements of various lengths

  34. Assembly Robot Builder Bot 4 7DOF arms 3x2.5m arms 1x4m arm 2 Pallets attach to opposing turntables mounted on the arms, allowing the bot to access either pallet from any wrist orientation. 18m Walking Crane 7 DOF = 2x3DOF wrists + 1DOF elbow Identical end effectors at both ends 4m arm grabs parts from pallet and continuously feeds them to 2.5m arms for installation Crane end-effector interface on face allows crane to translate without removal of builder bot Tools & interchangeable end effectors stowage on rear body 4 pan/tilt camera/light/sensor groups with >hemispherical coverage

  35. OTA build phase Dual pallets allows robot to continue building after it empties a single pallet; a support robot would exchange the empty pallet for a new one. This allows the “working” robot to continuously build independent of pallet count until translation to a new worksite is required

  36. OTA final build phase D4 Heavy-sized build kits at temporary stowage locations Robot installing the last of the mirror segments Partially-used build kit at ready stowage location

  37. Bus Details

  38. Summary • IMDC bus elements incorporated with the ISAL design • Assembly to take place within sunshield/baffle • Modification of IMDC bus layout to facilitate launch packing AND early assembly stages • Preliminary launch packaging concept developed for “LV27.3” vehicle based on December 2005 ESAS report • TMST can be packaged into a single launch element Ø7.5m x 32.2 m, ~200mT • TMST cannot be packaged into a single LV27.3 • PL bay Ø7.5m x 12.5m • 2 LV23 LAUNCHES MAY BE ABLE TO LIFT TMST • TMST could be lifted to LEO in a single launch of a 27.3 “+” vehicle IF: • Payload bay was stretched to 33m • Further optimization of OTA structure results in considerable OTA mass reduction • Addition of an extra pair of 5 segment ESRB’s to LV27.3, increasing the total to 4 • Launch to LEO instead of L1 or Lunar orbit; with delivery to L2 via tug or enhanced capability propulsion module(s)

  39. POST-IDC Concept • VSE ESAS LV 27.3+ class packaging • “All-up” single launch in stretched fairing

  40. Post-IDC TMST IMDC TMST • Overall Picture of IMDC bus W/ ISAL OTA & LV27.3 bus modifications • Highlight changes to BUS component layouts for packaging & assembly considerations • Temp stow of component stack & robots INSIDE the sunshield POST-IMDC TMST ISS-Style Deployable Solar Arrays Deployable HGA’s

  41. TMST “All Up” Single Launch Package • In-Line Shell Carriers with connecting longerons • OTA Stacked on top of bus components • Sunshield boxes surround central ISIM, Isolation ring, and MWA’s; Propulsion modules are at the base of the stack. • Stack Dimensions Ø24.5’/7.5m, 105’/32.2m long Carrier-Longerons Individual Carriere Shells

  42. Component Stacking 2X Main and 2X RCS Prop Modules on Propulsion Carrier Base Shell Truss beams on Truss Carrier Shell 5X 215 Mirror Trays on Optics Carrier Shell Main Carrier Shell 12X Sunshade Boxes radially stowed boxes, 2 removed for clarity 6X RCS Modules on Propulsion Carrier Shell ISIM With 4 instruments Bus with deployable HGA’s and Solar arrays Isolation Ring & ACS Cluster MWA’s 2X Assembly bots

  43. LV27.3 Fairing Size Issues 39m 128’ • Fairing as described in ESAS report are for 39.4’ payload cylindrical section only and does not include conical volume • TMST cannot fit within standard fairing but could possibly be packaged to fit within 2 launches • TMST could fit within a fairing of ~30m/105ft cylindrical length, total length 39m/128 ft based on ESAS report fairing scaling 22m 72.2’ 12.5m 39.4’ TMST Fairing ESAS Fairing

  44. LV27.3 39.4’ fairing 2X 5-Segment ESRB LV27.3+ 92.2’ fairing 4X 5-Segment ESRB ESAS LV27.3/27.3+ Earth Departure Stage 4X 5-Segment ESRB 357.6’ 415’

  45. Scale Comparison TMST LAUNCH PACKAGE TMST OBSERVATORY FULLY ASSEMBLED

  46. Early Assembly Stage • Partial bus deployment provides power, communication, attitude control PRIOR to robot deployments

  47. EML1 to SEL2 and back again

  48. SPIE Concept • ESAS LV27.2 packaging • No special modifications

  49. Current “SPIE” Version of TMST

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