1 / 17

Plant Processes and Factors That Affect Them

Plant Processes and Factors That Affect Them. Original Power Point Created by Mr. Morgan. Modified by the GA Agriculture Education Curriculum Office July 2002. Why Plants are a Vital Part of CO 2 /O 2 Exchange. Animals breathe in air, use oxygen, and exhale carbon dioxide

smaddix
Download Presentation

Plant Processes and Factors That Affect Them

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Plant Processes and Factors That Affect Them Original Power Point Created by Mr. Morgan Modified by the GA Agriculture Education Curriculum Office July 2002

  2. Why Plants are a Vital Part of CO2/O2 Exchange • Animals breathe in air, use oxygen, and exhale carbon dioxide • Animals need oxygen to survive • Plants do the opposite- they take carbon dioxide from the air and give off oxygen • Through this cycle the correct balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is maintained in the atmosphere

  3. Why Plants are a Vital Part CO2/O2 Exchange • The large-scale destruction of plants may lead to problems with the air we breathe

  4. Why Photosynthesis is Essential to CO2/O2 Exchange • The broad surface area of the leaf absorbs sunlight to be used as energy • Carbon dioxide is taken from the air and the other nutrients (including water) are taken from the soil and transported to the leaves in the water through the xylem • Chloroplasts participate in a chemical process that converts their raw materials into usable food for the plant

  5. Why Photosynthesis is Essential to CO2/O2 Exchange • The chemical reaction takes carbon dioxide and water and converts these materials to sugar and oxygen • 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Photosynthesis occurs only in the presence of light

  6. Respiration Importance in CO2/O2 Exchange • Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis • Sugar and oxygen are broken down, releasing carbondioxide,water, and energy • C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy • Respiration occurs 24 hours a day

  7. Plant Growth Requirements • A. Nutrients • B. Air • C. Water • D. Light • E. Correct temperature

  8. How Light and Temperature affect Plants • Light intensity- growth is greatly reduced at lower light intensities. Most plants cannot grow below 100-200 foot candles, about the level of light in an average room • The compensation point is the light intensity at which a plant will maintain itself but not grow • Temperatures at night are lower, therefore the plant goes through respiration

  9. How Light and Temperature affect Plants • Light duration- the length of the day helps plants distinguish what time of year it is • Some plants will only flower in the spring but can be induced to flower in the winter (in a controlled environment) by extending the light duration • Temperatures during the day hours are higher and encourage plant development

  10. Phototropism • Phototropism is the development responses of plants to the relative direction of the light

  11. Thermotropism • Thermotropism is the plant characteristic in which a plant will grow towards areas with more desirable temperatures

  12. Places where Plants Get Nutrients for Growth • Soil • Air

  13. Functions of Primary Nutrients • Nitrogen: fast growth, synthesis of organic compounds- including amino acids, proteins, coenzymes, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll • Phosphorus: energy storage and transfer • Potassium: photosynthesis, sugar translocation, and enzyme activation

  14. Functions of Secondary Nutrients • Calcium: components of cell walls, cell growth and division • Magnesium: central part of chlorophyll, photosynthesis • Sulfur: amino acids and vitamins

  15. Functions of Micronutrients • Iron: synthesis of chlorophyll • Boron: regulation of metabolism • Zinc: protein synthesis • Manganese: respiration, photosynthesis • Copper: enzyme activation • Chlorine: photosynthetic processes • Sodium: plant-water relations

  16. Effects of CO2 Fertilization on Plant Growth • Plant growth will increase as carbon dioxide increases, as long as carbon dioxide is the limiting nutrient

  17. Five Types of Growth Regulators • Auxins: growth promoting hormone • Freshly cut stems are dipped into this • Gibberellins: stimulates growth in plants • Dwarf plants transform into normal sized plants • Kinins (cytokinins): influence in stimulation of cell division • Dormin: promotes flowering in some short day plants and promotes dormancy in buds and seeds • Ethylene: uniform ripening, sex conversion

More Related