1 / 21

Trachea

Trachea. Beneath the submucosa: 16-20 C-shaped hyaline cartilages that keep the lumen permanently open Cartilages form an incomplete ring around the trachea

starr
Download Presentation

Trachea

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Trachea • Beneath the submucosa: 16-20 C-shaped hyaline cartilages that keep the lumen permanently open • Cartilages form an incomplete ring around the trachea • Open on the posterior aspect where a thick layer of smooth muscle fibers (trachealis muscle) and fibroelastic ligament bridge the open ends of each cartilage

  2. Lungs • Pair of conical organs that occupy the greater part of the thoracic cavity • Right lung – 3 lobes • Left lung – 2 lobes

  3. Pleura • Double layer of fibrous tissue that envelopes the lungs • Parietal pleura • Visceral pleura • Pleural cavity • Mesothelium (simple squamous epithelium)

  4. Bronchial Tree • The branching pattern of the main bronchi • Main bronchi • Right main bronchus • Left main bronchus • Secondary bronchi • Right – 3, Left – 2 • Tertiary bronchi • Right – 10, Left – 8

  5. Bronchopulmonary Segment • Each tertiary bronchus and the area of the lung that it supplies • These segments each have their own artery (thus, each segment is supplied by a bronchus and an artery) • Each bronchopulmonary segment is a discrete anatomical and functional unit.

  6. Bronchi • Extrapulmonary – main bronchi (before they enter lung substance) • Same structure as trachea, but smaller caliber • Intrapulmonary– all bronchi within the lung substance • Same structure as extrapulmonary, with exceptions

  7. Intrapulmonary vs. Extrapulmonary Bronchi

  8. Intrapulmonary vs. Extrapulmonary Bronchi

  9. Bronchial Tree • Bronchioles – 1 mm diameter, disappearance of cartilage • Terminal bronchioles – 0.5 mm diameter or less • Respiratory bronchioles • Alveolar ducts

  10. Bronchioles • Smaller caliber than bronchi • Wall: no cartilage, gland, lymph nodes • Epithelium: respiratory epithelium but diminishes in height and transforms to cuboidal as bronchial tree goes distally, no goblet cells • Smaller bronchioles: Clara cells

  11. Clara Cells • Non-ciliated, columnar cells • Contain microvilli • Rounded apices • Contain dense secretory granules – protect the bronchiolar lining, form a non-sticky layer that helps keep the bronchioles patent

More Related