1 / 6

Extracellular Matrix of the Animal Cell

Extracellular Matrix of the Animal Cell. What is the extracellular matrix (ECM)?. Something that is made by virtually all multi-cellular organisms. Elaborate covering outside animal cell membranes, occupying the space between cells. It is composed of:

yoko-colon
Download Presentation

Extracellular Matrix of the Animal Cell

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Extracellular Matrix of the Animal Cell

  2. What is the extracellular matrix (ECM)? • Something that is made by virtually all multi-cellular organisms. • Elaborate covering outside animal cell membranes, occupying the space between cells. It is composed of: • Collagen, proteoglycans, and fibronectin, which the cell secretes. • Different from the plant extracellular matrix, which is composed of cellulose. • Many ECM components are involved in cell-to-cell interactions.

  3. Components of the ECM • Collagen • Most abundant glycoprotein (about half of the total protein in the body). • Forms strong fibers outside of the cell. • Fibers are embedded in a network made of proteoglycans. • Proteoglycans • Collagen fibers are embedded in a network made from proteoglycans. • Are another class of glycoproteins that consists of a small core protein with many carbohydrate chains covalently attached. • Large complexes can form when hundreds of proteoglycans become non-covalently attached to a single long polysaccharide molecule.

  4. Components (cont.) • Fibronectin • Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the cell itself. • Binds to cell surface receptors called integrins, which are built into the plasma membrane of the cell. • Integrins • Cell surface receptor that connects to fibronectin, which attaches to the ECM • Span the membrane and bind on their cytoplasmic side to associated proteins attached to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton. • Transmit’s changes between the ECM and the cytoskeleton – it integrates changes occurring outside and inside the cell.

  5. Fig. 6-30 Polysaccharide molecule Proteoglycan complex Collagen EXTRACELLULAR FLUID Carbo- hydrates Fibronectin Core protein Integrins Proteoglycan molecule Plasma membrane Proteoglycan complex CYTOPLASM Micro- filaments

  6. ECM Effect on Behavior • By communicating with a cell through integrins, the ECM can regulate a cell’s behavior. • ECM can influence the activity of genes in the nucleus. • Speculated that information probably reaches the nucleus by a combination of chemical and mechanical signaling pathways. • Mechanical includes fibronectin, integrins, and microfilaments of the cytoskeleton. • The cytoskeleton may then trigger chemical signaling pathways inside the cell, leading to changes in the proteins being made by the cell and therefore in its function. • The ECM may help coordinate the behavior of all the cells within that tissue. • Direct connections (intercellular junctions) between cells also function in this coordination.

More Related