Whole Genome Sequencing in a Nutshell

1. Whole Genome Sequencing In A Nutshell Genome Sequencing has come a long way since its discovery. Today, it is both accurate and cost- effective, not to mention ground-breaking in the prevention and cure of complicated medical conditions. Through whole genome sequencing, volumes of data can be acquired and used in planning of pre- emptive treatments and medication. Currently a very powerful technique in genomic research, whole genome sequencing is gaining grounds among commoners as well as specialists. The method is highly useful in the study of genomes in livestock, plants and microbes. An Introduction Whole Genome Sequencing or WGS is the technique of complete genome analysis. Some years back, scientists made a breakthrough in genome studying whereby they concluded that genome sequencing is the key to understanding inherited diseases, mutation, progression of terminal conditions and outbreaks. Through genomic information, inherited disorders can be identified, cellular mutations can be characterized and disease outbreaks can be tracked. As the whole genome sequencing cost is starting to shrink, more and more people are undergoing the test. Benefits of Whole Genome Sequencing The advantages of whole genome sequencing, like whole exome sequencing are numerous. Let’s go over some of its greatest advantages that have been the key reasons behind people going for sequencing for determination and prevention of conditions. Genome sequencing is a high-resolution and detailed view of a person’s complete genome structure with a base-by-base presentation. It captures variants that are both minute and sizeable which are often missed in other kinds of examinations. Through sequencing, the potential variants of disease causation can be identified and followed up for continued examination. The regulation mechanisms and gene expression of these variants are also studied. It produces large bulk of data in a very short period of time which can be used to support the assemblage of new genomes.     The Standard Methods There are more than just one method of genome sequencing. As of today, there are four established methods that are standard in laboratories. Here are top four methods that yield best results. Large Whole-Genome Sequencing In this method, large genomes like >5 Mb are sequenced. Large whole-genome sequencing of humans, animals and plants is very effective in extracting valuable information about existing conditions. It is a break-through in population genetics and disease research. Small Whole-Genome Sequencing

2. Small genome sequencing which involves examination of ≤ 5 Mb genes is a full-spectrum sequencing of genomes of virus, bacterium, microbes and others organisms. Recently, Sager Institute finished genomes of 3000 microbes causing diseases. Phased Sequencing Phased sequencing, also known as genome phasing is a method by which alleles of homologous chromosomes are distinguished to identify whole-genome haplotypes. Phased sequencing is a trusted method in the studying of genetic diseases. Novel Sequencing Novel genome sequencing is the fourth kind which specifically deals with examination of novel genome. It is a method that is employed in sequencing where reference sequences are unavailable. Through NGS, quick and accurate characterization can be done for any species of animal. 16s rRNA sequencing and other like tests too are gaining grounds in medical science.